Victor François de Broglie, Duke of Broglie (19 October 1718 – 30 March 1804) was a French aristocrat and soldier and a marshal of France. He served with his father, François-Marie, 1st duc de Broglie, at Parma and Guastalla, and in 1734 obtained a colonelcy.[1]
Victor François de Broglie | |
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 | |
| Born | 19 October 1718 Paris, Kingdom of France |
| Died | 30 March 1804 (aged 85) Münster |
| Allegiance |  Kingdom of France |
| Service | French Army |
| Years of service | fl. 1734–1792 |
| Rank | Marshal of France |
| Battles / wars | War of the Austrian Succession Seven Years' War American Revolutionary War French Revolutionary Wars |
In the War of the Austrian Succession, he took part in the storming of Prague in 1742, and was made a brigadier. In 1744 and 1745 he saw further service on the Rhine, and he succeeded his father as 2nd duc de Broglie on the old duke's death in 1745. He was made a Maréchal de Camp, and he subsequently served with Marshal de Saxe in the Low Countries, and was present at Roucoux, Val and Maastricht. At the end of the war, he was made a lieutenant-general.[1]
During the Seven Years' War, he served successively under Louis Charles César Le Tellier, duc d'Estrées, Charles de Rohan, prince de Soubise, and Contades, being present at all the battles from Hastenbeck onwards. His victory over Prince Ferdinand at Bergen (1759) won him the rank of marshal of France from the French King Louis XV and the title of Prince of the Holy Roman Empire Reichsfürst from Holy Roman Emperor Francis I.[1]
In 1759, he won the Battle of Bergen and followed that with the capture the city of Minden, later fighting at the Battle of Minden under the command of Contades, whom he would succeed in command. In 1760, he won an action at the Korbach, but was defeated at Villinghausen in 1761. After the war, he fell into disgrace and was not recalled to active employment until 1778, when he was given command of the troops designed to operate against Great Britain, when France intervened on the Thirteen Colonies' side during the American war of independence. He played a prominent part in the French Revolution, which he opposed with determination;[1] he commanded troops at Versailles in July 1789 and briefly served as Louis XVI's minister of war before fleeing France.[citation needed] After his emigration, the duc de Broglie commanded the Army of the Princes for a short time (1792).[1]
Since the duke's eldest son, Charles-Louis-Victor, prince de Broglie, died in the Terror, the succession fell to his grandson, who became the third duc de Broglie. He died at Münster in 1804.
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- ^ a b c d e One or more of the preceding sentences incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Broglie, de, s.v. Victor François, Duc de Broglie". Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 4 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 626.
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