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List of invasive aquatic species in Montana

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Montana, USA, has a wide variety of invasive aquatic species ranging from algae to turtles. The effect each invasive species has on the environment varies greatly, some species are devastating while others are negligible.[1] Aquatic plants and algae may easily be transported from lake to lake by boaters who do not take the necessary precautions when launching their boats into new bodies of water.[2] Sometimes, pet owners release their pets into a non-native habitat where they will actually thrive and eventually establish a population and then begin to displace the native species that it competes with.[3]

Algae

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Media Family Scientific name Common name Origin
 
 Gomphonemataceae Didymosphenia geminata Didymo Cryptogenic

Amphibians

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Media Family Scientific name Common name Origin
 
 Ranidae Lithobates catesbeianus American bullfrog Native transplant
 
 Hylidae Pseudacris regilla Northern Pacific tree frog Native transplant

Fish

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Media Family Scientific Name Common name Origin
 
 Centrarchidae Ambloplites rupestris Rock bass Native transplant
 
 Ictaluridae Ameiurus melas Black bullhead Native transplant
 
 Ictaluridae Ameiurus natalis Yellow bullhead Native transplant
 
 Cyprinidae Carassius auratus Goldfish Exotic
 
 Catostomidae Catostomus ardens Utah sucker Native transplant
 
 Catostomidae Catostomus commersonii White sucker Native transplant
 
 Salmonidae Coregonus artedi Cisco Native transplant
 
 Salmonidae Coregonus clupeaformis Lake whitefish Native transplant
 
 Cyprinidae Couesius plumbeus Lake chub Native transplant
 
 Gasterosteidae Culaea inconstans Brook stickleback Native transplant
 
 Cyprinidae Cyprinus carpio Common carp Exotic
Esocidae Esox lucius Northern pike Native transplant
 
 Esocidae Esox lucius × masquinongy Tiger muskellunge Native hybrid
 
 Fundulidae Fundulus kansae Northern Plains killifish Native transplant
 
 Fundulidae Fundulus zebrinus Plains killifish Native transplant
 
 Poeciliidae Gambusia affinis Western mosquitofish Native transplant
 
 Cyprinidae Gila atraria Utah chub Native transplant
 
 Ictaluridae Ictalurus punctatus Channel catfish Native transplant
 
 Centrarchidae Lepomis cyanellus Green sunfish Native transplant
 
 Centrarchidae Lepomis gibbosus Pumpkinseed Native transplant
 
 Centrarchidae Lepomis macrochirus Bluegill Native transplant
 
 Centrarchidae Micropterus dolomieu Smallmouth bass Native transplant
 
 Centrarchidae Micropterus salmoides Largemouth bass Native transplant
 
 Moronidae Morone chrysops White bass Native transplant
 
 Cyprinidae Notemigonus crysoleucas Golden shiner Native transplant
 
 Cyprinidae Notropis hudsonius Spottail shiner Native transplant
 
 Salmonidae Oncorhynchus aguabonita Golden trout Native transplant
 
 Salmonidae Oncorhynchus clarkii bouvieri Yellowstone cutthroat trout Native transplant
 
 Salmonidae Oncorhynchus clarkii lewisi Westslope cutthroat trout Native transplant
 
 Salmonidae Oncorhynchus clarkii × mykiss Cutbow trout Native hybrid
 
 Salmonidae Oncorhynchus kisutch Coho salmon Native transplant
 
 Salmonidae Oncorhynchus mykiss Rainbow trout Native transplant
 
 Salmonidae Oncorhynchus mykiss ssp. Redband trout Native transplant
 
 Salmonidae Oncorhynchus nerka Sockeye salmon Native transplant
 
 Salmonidae Oncorhynchus tshawytscha Chinook salmon Native transplant
 
 Cichlidae Oreochromis mossambicus Mozambique tilapia Exotic
 
 Osmeridae Osmerus mordax Rainbow smelt Native transplant
 
 Percidae Perca flavescens Yellow perch Native transplant
 
 Characidae Piaractus brachypomus Pirapitinga, red-bellied pacu Exotic
 
 Cyprinidae Pimephales promelas Fathead minnow Native transplant
 
 Poeciliidae Poecilia latipinna Sailfin molly Native transplant
 
 Poeciliidae Poecilia mexicana Shortfin molly Exotic
Poeciliidae Poecilia reticulata Guppy Exotic
 
 Poeciliidae Poecilia sphenops Mexican molly Exotic
 
 Centrarchidae Pomoxis annularis White crappie Native transplant
 
 Centrarchidae Pomoxis nigromaculatus Black crappie Native transplant
 
 Cyprinidae Richardsonius balteatus Redside shiner Exotic
 
 Salmonidae Salmo letnica Ohrid trout Exotic
 
 Salmonidae Salmo salar sebago Atlantic salmon Native transplant
 
 Salmonidae Salmo trutta Brown trout Exotic
 
 Salmonidae Salmo trutta × Salvelinus fontinalis Tiger trout Exotic hybrid
 
 Salmonidae Salvelinus fontinalis Brook trout Native transplant
 
 Salmonidae Salvelinus namaycush Lake trout Native transplant
 
 Percidae Sander canadensis × vitreus Saugeye Native hybrid
 
 Percidae Sander vitreus Walleye Native transplant
 
 Salmonidae Thymallus arcticus Arctic grayling Native transplant
 
 Umbridae Umbra limi Central mudminnow Native transplant
 
 Poeciliidae Xiphophorus hellerii Green swordtail Exotic
 
 Poeciliidae Xiphophorus maculatus Southern platyfish Exotic
 
 Poeciliidae Xiphophorus variatus Variable platyfish Exotic

Aquatic mammals

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Media Family Scientific name Common name Origin
 
 Myocastoridae Myocastor coypus Nutria Exotic

Mollusks

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Media Family Scientific name Common name Origin
 
 Cyrenidae Corbicula fluminea Asian clam Exotic
 
 Dreissenidae Dreissena sp. Zebra muscle Exotic
 
 Bithyniidae Bithynia tentaculata Mud bithynia, faucet snail Exotic
 
 Thiaridae Melanoides tuberculata Red-rim melania Exotic
 
 Physidae Physella acuta Acute bladder snail Native transplant
 
 Hydrobiidae Potamopyrgus antipodarum New Zealand mudsnail Exotic
 
 Lymnaeidae Radix auricularia European ear snail Exotic

Aquatic plants

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Media Family Scientific name Common name Origin
 
 Poaceae Alopecurus geniculatus Water foxtail Exotic
 
 Butomaceae Butomus umbellatus Flowering rush Exotic
 
 Plantaginaceae Callitriche stagnalis Pond water-starwort Exotic
 
 Iridaceae Iris pseudacorus Yellow iris Exotic
 
 Juncaceae Juncus compressus Roundfruit rush Exotic
 
 Juncaceae Juncus gerardii Saltmeadow rush Native transplant
 
 Lythraceae Lythrum salicaria Purple loosestrife Exotic
 
 Boraginaceae Myosotis scorpioides Forget-me-not Exotic
 
 Haloragaceae Myriophyllum aquaticum Parrot feather Exotic
 
 Haloragaceae Myriophyllum spicatum Eurasian watermilfoil Exotic
 
 Hydrocharitaceae Najas marina Holly-leaf waternymph Native transplant
 
 Brassicaceae Nasturtium officinale water-cress Exotic
 
 Nymphaeaceae Nymphaea odorata American white waterlily Native transplant
 
 Poaceae Phalaris arundinacea Reed canarygrass Exotic
 
 Potamogetonaceae Potamogeton crispus Curly-leaf pondweed Exotic
 
 Brassicaceae Rorippa sylvestris Keek Exotic
 
 Tamaricaceae Tamarix Tamarisk Exotic
 
 Typhaceae Typha angustifolia Narrow-leaved cattail Exotic
 
 Hydrocharitaceae Vallisneria americana Wild-celery Native transplant

Reptiles

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Media Family Scientific name Common name Origin
 
 Chelydridae Chelydra serpentina Snapping turtle Native transplant

Crustaceans

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Media Family Scientific name Common name Origin
 
 Gammaridae Gammarus sp. Amphipod Native transplant
 
 Cambaridae Faxonius virilis Virile crayfish, northern crayfish Native transplant
 
 Mysidae Mysis diluviana Opossum shrimp Native transplant

References

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  1. ^ Clancy, Niall G.; Bourret, Samuel L. (2020). "Using social and physical variables to assess vulnerability of northwestern Montana lakes to illegal fish introductions". Hydrobiologia. 847 (14): 3055–3065. doi:10.1007/s10750-020-04312-z. ISSN 0018-8158. S2CID 219103493.
  2. ^ Ratz, David. "Aquatic Invasive Species". Montana Field Guide. Archived from the original on 2 February 2022. Retrieved 14 June 2022.
    - Taylor, Brad W.; Bothwell, Max L. (1 June 2014). "The Origin of Invasive Microorganisms Matters for Science, Policy, and Management: The Case of Didymosphenia geminata". BioScience. 64 (6): 531–538. doi:10.1093/biosci/biu060. ISSN 1525-3244. PMC 4776677. PMID 26955071.
  3. ^ "Nonindigenous Aquatic Species". United States Geological Survey. Retrieved 13 June 2022.
    - "Montana Invasive Species". Retrieved 13 June 2022.
    - "FWP :: FWP Apps". Montana Fish, Wildlife & Parks. Retrieved 13 June 2022.[better source needed]
    - "Aquatic Invasives". National Invasive Species Information Center. US Department of Agriculture. Retrieved 14 June 2022.
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