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The Specials (album)

(Redirected from Concrete Jungle (The Specials song))

Specials is the debut album by British ska revival band The Specials. Released on 19 October 1979[2] on Jerry Dammers' 2 Tone label, the album is seen by some as the defining moment in the UK ska scene. Produced by Elvis Costello, the album captures the disaffection and anger felt by the youth of the UK's "concrete jungle"—a phrase borrowed from Bob Marley's 1973 album Catch a Fire—used to describe the grim, violent inner cities of 1970s Britain. The album features a mixture of original material and several covers of classic Jamaican ska tracks.

The Specials
Studio album by
The Specials
Released19 October 1979 (1979-10-19)
RecordedSummer 1979
StudioTW Studios, Fulham, London
Genre
Length45:11
Label2 Tone
ProducerElvis Costello
The Specials chronology
The Specials
(1979) 		More Specials
(1980)
Singles from The Specials
  1. "A Message to You, Rudy/Nite Klub"
    Released: 12 October 1979

A live version of "Too Much Too Young" was later released on a five-track EP, The Special AKA Live!, which went to number one on the UK charts. "'A Message to You, Rudy" was also released as a single. A digitally remastered edition also featuring promotional videos to "Gangsters" and "Too Much Too Young" as enhanced content was released by EMI in 2002. The album was included in the book 1001 Albums You Must Hear Before You Die.

Composition

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Musically, The Specials encapsulates the first wave of British ska, greatly reworking the original sound of 1960s Jamaican ska. The music shares the infectious energy and humour of the original sound, but injects new-found anger and punk sensibility. The resulting sound is considerably less laid-back and "Caribbean" sounding than original ska, and dispensed with much of the percussion and the larger horn sections used in the older variety. The Specials also brought guitar to the front of the mix; it had often been a secondary instrument in Jamaican ska.

Several of the album's songs are covers of older Jamaican songs. "Monkey Man" had been a hit for Toots & the Maytals in 1969, "Too Hot" was a Prince Buster original from 1966, and the opening track, "A Message to You, Rudy" was a Dandy Livingstone single in 1967. "You're Wondering Now" was originally performed by duo Andy & Joey and later covered by The Skatalites; the vocal version was recorded by Andy & Joey in 1964. Other tracks are reworkings of Jamaican originals: "Too Much Too Young" was based on Lloyd Charmers' "Birth Control" and "Stupid Marriage" draws heavily on the Prince Buster hit "Judge 400 Years" (also known as "Judge Dread").

Trombonist Rico Rodriguez, who performed on many '50s and '60s Jamaican recordings before moving to London in 1962, played on the band's version of "A Message to You, Rudy", as he had on the original recording 15 years previously. Rodriguez's appearance on the album considerably added to the album's credentials.

Critical reception

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Professional ratings
Review scores
SourceRating
AllMusic     [3]
Christgau's Record GuideA−[4]
Encyclopedia of Popular Music     [5]
Pitchfork9.3/10[6]
Q     [7]
Rolling Stone     [8]
The Rolling Stone Album Guide     [9]
Smash Hits9/10[10]
Sounds     [11]
Uncut10/10[12]

Reviews of the album in the UK music press were mixed. NME praised the album, saying, "Although the predominant musical influence is black (ska, bluebeat, reggae and soul), it's wrapped in ferocious rock'n'roll: the kind of hybrid that so many other British bands have tried to contrive but, in comparison, failed to make convincing ... This album embraces two decades of black and white music, gives it perspective and then goes on to reflect the modern rock'n'roll culture ... It's the kind of album that's musically fathomless and it will probably establish The Specials as true hopes for the '80s. At the very least this debut is essential for anybody who wants to know what's going on in rock'n'roll today".[13] Smash Hits was also positive, saying it had "some excellent original touches" and that the lyrics were "very strong". The reviewer went on to praise Costello's "first rate production" and finished his review by saying that the album was a "very promising debut and highly recommended".[10]

On the other hand, Vivien Goldman in Melody Maker was disappointed, observing that "this album's drawbacks are exposed all the more vividly in the light of its missed potential ... producer Elvis Costello seems incapable of producing a rhythm—by that I mean pop, as well as reggae". The review expanded upon this comment, saying, "A key word is pace. The Specials—a great band to party to—can't sustain the shock of having the speed of certain numbers halved. When the pace on record doubles—as in 'Too Much Too Young'—The Specials suddenly make sense". Goldman also criticised the lack of understanding of a female point of view in certain songs, but concluded on a positive note: "Perhaps I'm extra critical, because I (still) have great hopes for the future of The Specials".[14] Sounds agreed that the album had not fulfilled its potential, saying, "There are no rough edges to upset you, nothing new to shock you ... The Specials seem to have lost the attacking, forward-looking, forward moving, almost militant momentum that was witnessed and promised from the beginning".[11]

The Specials was ranked among the top ten albums of the year for 1979 by NME.[15]

Legacy

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In a retrospective review, AllMusic described the record as "a perfect moment in time captured on vinyl forever... It was an utter revelation—except for anyone who had seen the band on-stage, for the album was at its core a studio recording of their live set, and at times even masquerades as a gig". It felt the album captured the feeling of "Britain in late 1979, an unhappy island about to explode", and that "The Specials managed to distill all the anger, disenchantment, and bitterness of the day straight into their music".[3] In 2008, BBC Music agreed that the economic and political conditions of the day had heightened the record's impact, saying, "To understand the impact of this spearhead of the ska revival on early Thatcherite Britain you have to imagine something so left field and yet so apt occurring today. It was as if depression-era dustbowl ballads suddenly became hip again in this era of global economic meltdown. Hardly anyone would have predicted that a musical form so tied to its Afro-Caribbean heritage (as well as its less cool skinhead connections) could, almost overnight, become the trendiest thing across the nation". It concluded that The Specials "was a classic example of a band making an almost perfect first album, acting as both a mission statement (the rise of right wing groups opposed by the message of Two Tone equality) and as an alternative way to have fun without having to pogo or spit ...The Specials remains a snapshot of a bleaker time, and a wrily comical antidote to political and cultural indifference anywhere".[16] However, Mojo's David Hutcheon, reviewing the reissue, felt that "Specials doesn't feel quite as exciting as it did 23 years ago".[17]

In June 2000, Q placed The Specials at number 38 on its list of the 100 greatest British albums ever.[18] Pitchfork featured The Specials at number 42 on its list of the 100 best albums of the 1970s.[19] Rolling Stone listed the album at number 68 on its list of the 100 best albums of the 1980s, as the album was not released in the US until 1980.[20] In 2013, NME ranked The Specials at number 260 on its list of "The 500 Greatest Albums of All Time".[21]

Track listing

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Side one
  1. "A Message to You Rudy" (Dandy Livingstone) – 2:53
  2. "Do the Dog" (Rufus Thomas; arrangement by Jerry Dammers) – 2:09
  3. "It's Up to You" (Dammers, The Specials) – 3:25
  4. "Nite Klub" (Dammers, The Specials) – 3:22
  5. "Doesn't Make It Alright" (Dammers, Dave Goldberg, Mark Harrison) – 3:26
  6. "Concrete Jungle" (Roddy Byers) – 3:18
  7. "Too Hot" (Cecil Campbell) – 3:09
Side two
  1. "Monkey Man" (Toots Hibbert) – 2:45
  2. "(Dawning of A) New Era" (Dammers) – 2:24
  3. "Blank Expression" (Dammers, The Specials) – 2:43
  4. "Stupid Marriage" (Dammers, Mark Harrison, Neville Staple, Cecil Campbell) – 3:49
  5. "Too Much Too Young" (Dammers, acknowledgment to Lloyd Charmers) – 6:06*
  6. "Little Bitch" (Dammers)† – 2:31
  7. "You're Wondering Now" (Clement Seymour) – 2:36

* Canadian and some US pressings of the album have a shorter, 2:16 version of this song.

† On some US releases, the song "Gangsters" (Dammers, Cecil Campbell) appears between "Too Much Too Young" and "Little Bitch". In Australia and New Zealand, "Gangsters" was included between "Do the Dog" and "It's Up to You".

Personnel

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The Specials
Guest musicians
Technical
  • Dave Jordan – engineer
  • Carol Starr, Chalkie Davies – sleeve design

Charts

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Weekly charts

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Chart (1979–80) Peak
position
Australian Albums (Kent Music Report)[22] 20
Canada Top Albums/CDs (RPM)[23] 21
New Zealand Albums (RMNZ)[24] 5
Swedish Albums (Sverigetopplistan)[25] 34
UK Albums (OCC)[26] 4
US Billboard 200[27] 84

Year-end charts

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Chart (1980) Position
New Zealand Albums (RMNZ)[28] 43

Certifications

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Region Certification Certified units/sales
United Kingdom (BPI)[29] Gold 100,000^

^ Shipments figures based on certification alone.

References

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  1. ^ de Visé, Daniel. "Thirteen New Wave Album Classics". AllMusic. Retrieved 7 May 2023.
  2. ^ "Specials, Madness, Selecter in 40-date package". NME. London. 6 October 1979. p. 3.
  3. ^ a b Greene, Jo-Ann. "The Specials – The Specials". AllMusic. Retrieved 1 April 2015.
  4. ^ Christgau, Robert (1990). "The Specials: The Specials". Christgau's Record Guide: The '80s. Pantheon Books. ISBN 0-679-73015-X. Retrieved 1 April 2015.
  5. ^ Larkin, Colin (2011). "Specials". The Encyclopedia of Popular Music (5th concise ed.). Omnibus Press. ISBN 0-85712-595-8.
  6. ^ Bloom, Madison. "The Specials: The Specials Album Review". Pitchfork. Retrieved 2 April 2022.
  7. ^ Lowe, Steve (April 2002). "The Specials: The Specials". Q. No. 189. London. p. 133.
  8. ^ Walters, Barry (6 October 2005). "The Specials: The Specials". Rolling Stone. New York. Archived from the original on 24 February 2010. Retrieved 1 September 2016.
  9. ^ Frere-Jones, Sasha (2004). "The Specials". In Brackett, Nathan; Hoard, Christian (eds.). The New Rolling Stone Album Guide (4th ed.). Simon & Schuster. p. 766. ISBN 0-7432-0169-8.
  10. ^ a b Starr, Red (1–14 November 1979). "Albums". Smash Hits. Vol. 1, no. 24. London. p. 29.
  11. ^ a b McCullough, Dave (20 October 1979). "The Specials: The Specials". Sounds. London. p. 39.
  12. ^ Watts, Peter (July 2018). "The Specials Family". Uncut. No. 254. London. p. 45.
  13. ^ Stewart, Tony (20 October 1979). "Something Specials This Way Comes". NME. London. p. 45.
  14. ^ Goldman, Vivien (20 October 1979). "The Specials: The Specials". Melody Maker. London. p. 25.
  15. ^ "1979 Best Albums And Tracks Of The Year". NME. 10 October 2016. Retrieved 9 November 2016.
  16. ^ Jones, Chris (10 October 2008). "The Specials The Specials Review". BBC Music. Retrieved 1 May 2012.
  17. ^ Hutcheon, David (April 2002). "The Specials: The Specials". Mojo. No. 101. London. pp. 118–19.
  18. ^ "The 100 Greatest British Albums Ever!". Q. No. 165. London. June 2000. pp. 59–95.
  19. ^ "The 100 Best Albums of the 1970s". Pitchfork. 23 June 2004. p. 6. Retrieved 7 July 2016.
  20. ^ "100 Best Albums of the Eighties". Rolling Stone. New York. 16 November 1989. Retrieved 7 July 2016.
  21. ^ "The 500 Greatest Albums Of All Time: 300–201". NME. 24 October 2013. Retrieved 17 November 2020.
  22. ^ Kent, David (1993). Australian Chart Book 1970–1992 (illustrated ed.). Australian Chart Book. p. 286. ISBN 0-646-11917-6.
  23. ^ "Top RPM Albums: Issue 4768a". RPM. Library and Archives Canada. Retrieved 30 October 2020.
  24. ^ "Charts.nz – The Specials – The Specials". Hung Medien. Retrieved 30 October 2020.
  25. ^ "Swedishcharts.com – The Specials – The Specials". Hung Medien. Retrieved 30 October 2020.
  26. ^ "Official Albums Chart Top 100". Official Charts Company. Retrieved 30 October 2020.
  27. ^ "The Specials Chart History (Billboard 200)". Billboard. Retrieved 30 October 2020.
  28. ^ "Top Selling Albums of 1980 — The Official New Zealand Music Chart". Recorded Music New Zealand. Retrieved 29 January 2022.
  29. ^ "British album certifications – Specials – Specials". British Phonographic Industry. Retrieved 30 October 2020.
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