The Hockey Champions Trophy (HCT) was an international field hockey tournament held by the International Hockey Federation (FIH). It featured the top 6 ranked nations in that year.

Hockey Champions Trophy (HCT)
Most recent season or competition:
2018 Women's Hockey Champions Trophy
SportField hockey
FoundedM: 1978
W: 1987
Ceased2018
Replaced byMen's FIH Pro League
Women's FIH Pro League
No. of teams6
ContinentFIH (International)
Last
champion(s)
M: Australia (15th title)
W: Netherlands (7th title)
Most titlesM: Australia (15 titles)
W: Argentina
 Netherlands (7 titles each)

History

edit

Founded in 1978 by Pakistan's Air Marshal Nur Khan and the Pakistan Hockey Federation, it featured the world's top-ranked field hockey teams competing in a round robin format. A biennial women's tournament was added in 1987. The Champions Trophy was changed from an annual to a biennial event from 2014 onwards, due to the introduction of the Hockey World League (HWL). The 2018 edition was the last edition of the Champions Trophy and the tournament was replaced by the Men's FIH Pro League and the Women's FIH Pro League in 2019.[1]

In the men's tournament, Australia won the tournament fifteen times, Germany ten and the Netherlands eight times. Pakistan is the only Asian champion, with three titles to its name including the first two in 1978 and 1980. In the women's tournament, Argentina and the Netherlands won the trophy seven times each. Australia have won the trophy six times, while Germany, China and South Korea have won it one time each.

Since the 2011 edition, eight teams of each six have qualified for the championship. The first edition had five teams, the second had seven, 1987 had eight, and all other editions through 2010 had six. In the year following the Olympics or a World Cup, the participating teams include the host, the defending champion, the world champion and the next highest ranked teams from either the most recent World Cup or Olympic Games.

Summaries

edit
Year Hosts Final Third Place Match
Winners Score Runners-up Third Place Score Fourth Place
1978
Details
Lahore, Pakistan  
Pakistan
RR  
Australia
 
Great Britain
RR  
New Zealand
1980
Details
Karachi, Pakistan  
Pakistan
RR  
West Germany
 
Australia
RR  
Netherlands
1981
Details
Karachi, Pakistan  
Netherlands
RR  
Australia
 
West Germany
RR  
Pakistan
1982
Details
Amstelveen, Netherlands  
Netherlands
RR  
Australia
 
India
RR  
Pakistan
1983
Details
Karachi, Pakistan  
Australia
RR  
Pakistan
 
West Germany
RR  
India
1984
Details
Karachi, Pakistan  
Australia
RR  
Pakistan
 
Great Britain
RR  
Netherlands
1985
Details
Perth, Australia  
Australia
RR  
Great Britain
 
West Germany
RR  
Pakistan
1986
Details
Karachi, Pakistan  
West Germany
RR  
Australia
 
Pakistan
RR  
Great Britain
1987
Details
Amstelveen, Netherlands  
West Germany
RR  
Netherlands
 
Australia
RR  
Great Britain
1988
Details
Lahore, Pakistan  
West Germany
RR  
Pakistan
 
Australia
RR  
Soviet Union
1989
Details
Berlin, West Germany  
Australia
RR  
Netherlands
 
West Germany
RR  
Pakistan
1990
Details
Melbourne, Australia  
Australia
RR  
Netherlands
 
Germany
RR  
Pakistan
1991
Details
Berlin, Germany  
Germany
RR  
Pakistan
 
Netherlands
RR  
Australia
1992
details
Karachi, Pakistan  
Germany
4–0  
Australia
 
Pakistan
2–1  
Netherlands
1993
Details
Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia  
Australia
4–0  
Germany
 
Netherlands
6–2  
Pakistan
1994
Details
Lahore, Pakistan  
Pakistan
2–2
(7–6)

Penalty strokes
 
Germany
 
Netherlands
2–2
(9–8)

Penalty strokes
 
Australia
1995
Details
Berlin, Germany  
Germany
2–2
(4–2)

Penalty strokes
 
Australia
 
Pakistan
2–1  
Netherlands
1996
Details
Madras, India  
Netherlands
3–2  
Pakistan
 
Germany
5–0  
India
1997
Details
Adelaide, Australia  
Germany
3–2
After extra time
 
Australia
 
Spain
2–1  
Netherlands
1998
Details
Lahore, Pakistan  
Netherlands
3–1  
Pakistan
 
Australia
1–1
(8–7)

Penalty strokes
 
South Korea
1999
Details
Brisbane, Australia  
Australia
3–1  
South Korea
 
Netherlands
5–2  
Spain
2000
Details
Amstelveen, Netherlands  
Netherlands
2–1
After extra time
 
Germany
 
South Korea
3–0  
Spain
2001
Details
Rotterdam, Netherlands  
Germany
2–1  
Australia
 
Netherlands
5–2  
Pakistan
2002
Details
Cologne, Germany  
Netherlands
0–0
(3–2)

Penalty strokes
 
Germany
 
Pakistan
4–3  
India
2003
Details
Amstelveen, Netherlands  
Netherlands
4–2  
Australia
 
Pakistan
4–3  
India
2004
Details
Lahore, Pakistan  
Spain
4–2  
Netherlands
 
Pakistan
3–2  
India
2005
Details
Chennai, India  
Australia
3–1  
Netherlands
 
Spain
5–2  
Germany
2006
Details
Terrassa, Spain  
Netherlands
2–1  
Germany
 
Spain
2–2
(5–4)

Penalty strokes
 
Australia
2007
Details
Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia  
Germany
1–0  
Australia
 
Netherlands
3–2  
South Korea
2008
Details
Rotterdam, Netherlands  
Australia
4–1  
Spain
 
Argentina
2–2
(5–3)

Penalty strokes
 
Netherlands
2009
Details
Melbourne, Australia  
Australia
5–3  
Germany
 
South Korea
4–2  
Netherlands
2010
Details
Mönchengladbach, Germany  
Australia
4–0  
England
 
Netherlands
4–1  
Germany
2011
Details
Auckland, New Zealand  
Australia
1–0  
Spain
 
Netherlands
5–3  
New Zealand
2012
Details
Melbourne, Australia  
Australia
2–1
After extra time
 
Netherlands
 
Pakistan
3–2  
India
2014
Details
Bhubaneswar, India  
Germany
2–0  
Pakistan
 
Australia
2–1  
India
2016
Details
London, United Kingdom  
Australia
0–0
(3–1)

Penalty shoot-out
 
India
 
Germany
1–0  
Great Britain
2018
Details
Breda, Netherlands  
Australia
1–1
(3–1)

Penalty shoot-out
 
India
 
Netherlands
2–0  
Argentina

Successful national teams

edit
Team Titles Runners-up Third Place Fourth Place
  Australia 15 (1983, 1984, 1985*, 1989, 1990*, 1993, 1999*, 2005, 2008, 2009*, 2010, 2011, 2012*, 2016, 2018) 10 (1978, 1981, 1982, 1986, 1992, 1995, 1997*, 2001, 2003, 2007) 5 (1980, 1987, 1988, 1998, 2014) 3 (1991, 1994, 2006)
  Germany^ 10 (1986, 1987, 1988, 1991*, 1992, 1995*, 1997, 2001, 2007, 2014) 7 (1980, 1993, 1994, 2000, 2002*, 2006, 2009) 7 (1981, 1983, 1985, 1989*, 1990, 1996, 2016) 2 (2005, 2010*)
  Netherlands 8 (1981, 1982*, 1996, 1998, 2000*, 2002, 2003*, 2006) 6 (1987*, 1989, 1990, 2004, 2005, 2012) 9 (1991, 1993, 1994, 1999, 2001*, 2007, 2010, 2011, 2018*) 7 (1980, 1984, 1992, 1995, 1997, 2008*, 2009)
  Pakistan 3 (1978*, 1980*, 1994*) 7 (1983*, 1984*, 1988*, 1991, 1996, 1998*, 2014) 7 (1986*, 1992*, 1995, 2002, 2003, 2004*, 2012) 7 (1981*, 1982, 1985, 1989, 1990, 1993, 2001)
  Spain 1 (2004) 2 (2008, 2011) 3 (1997, 2005, 2006*) 2 (1999, 2000)
  Great Britain~ 2 (1985, 2010) 2 (1978, 1984) 3 (1986, 1987, 2016*)
  India 2 (2016, 2018) 1 (1982) 7 (1983, 1996*, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2012, 2014*)
  South Korea 1 (1999) 2 (2000, 2009) 2 (1998, 2007)
  Argentina 1 (2008) 1 (2018)
  New Zealand 2 (1978, 2011*)
  Soviet Union# 1 (1988)
* = host nation
^ = includes results representing West Germany between 1980 and 1989
~ = includes results representing England
# = states that have since split into two or more independent nations

Team appearances

edit
Team  
1978
 
1980
 
1981
 
1982
 
1983
 
1984
 
1985
 
1986
 
1987
 
1988
 
1989
 
1990
 
1991
 
1992
 
1993
 
1994
 
1995
 
1996
 
1997
 
1998
 
1999
 
2000
 
2001
 
2002
 
2003
 
2004
 
2005
 
2006
 
2007
 
2008
 
2009
 
2010
 
2011
 
2012
 
2014
 
2016
 
2018
Total
  Argentina - - - - - - - - 5th - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 5th - - 6th - 3rd - - - - 6th - 4th 6
  Australia 2nd 3rd 2nd 2nd 1st 1st 1st 2nd 3rd 3rd 1st 1st 4th 2nd 1st 4th 2nd 6th 2nd 3rd 1st 5th 2nd 5th 2nd - 1st 4th 2nd 1st 1st 1st 1st 1st 3rd 1st 1st 36
  Belgium - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 5th 8th 5th 5th 4
  France - - - - - - - - - - - - - 6th - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 1
  Germany^ - 2nd 3rd 5th 3rd - 3rd 1st 1st 1st 3rd 3rd 1st 1st 2nd 2nd 1st 3rd 1st 6th - 2nd 1st 2nd 6th 5th 4th 2nd 1st 5th 2nd 4th 5th 6th 1st 3rd - 33
  Great Britain~ 3rd 7th 6th - - 3rd 2nd 4th 4th 6th 5th 6th 5th 5th - 6th 6th - - - 5th 6th 5th - - - - - 6th - 6th 2nd 6th 8th 7th 4th - 24
  India - 5th - 3rd 4th - 6th 5th - - 6th - - - - - 5th 4th - - - - - 4th 4th 4th 6th - - - - - - 4th 4th 2nd 2nd 16
  Malaysia - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 6th - - - - - - - - - - - - - 8th - - - - - - - - 2
  Netherlands - 4th 1st 1st 5th 4th 5th 6th 2nd - 2nd 2nd 3rd 4th 3rd 3rd 4th 1st 4th 1st 3rd 1st 3rd 1st 1st 2nd 2nd 1st 3rd 4th 4th 3rd 3rd 2nd 5th - 3rd 34
  New Zealand 4th - - - 6th 5th - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 6th - - - - - 6th 4th 7th - - - 7
  Pakistan 1st 1st 4th 4th 2nd 2nd 4th 3rd 7th 2nd 4th 4th 2nd 3rd 4th 1st 3rd 2nd 5th 2nd 6th - 4th 3rd 3rd 3rd 5th 5th 7th - - - 7th 3rd 2nd - 6th 32
  South Korea - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 6th 4th 2nd 3rd 6th 6th - - - - 4th 6th 3rd - 8th - - 6th - 11
  Soviet Union# - - - 6th - - - - 8th 4th - 5th 6th Defunct 5
  Spain 5th 6th 5th - - 6th - - 6th 5th - - - - 5th 5th - 5th 3rd 5th 4th 4th - - - 1st 3rd 3rd 5th 2nd 5th 5th 2nd - - - - 21
Total 5 7 6 6 6 6 6 6 8 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 8 6 6 6 8 8 8 6 6 234
^ = includes results representing West Germany between 1980 and 1989
~ = includes results representing England
# = states that have since split into two or more independent nations

Australia is the only team to have competed at almost every Champions Trophy, except for only one edition; 14 teams have competed in at least one Champions Trophy.

Women

edit

Summaries

edit
Year Hosts Final Third Place Match
Winners Score Runners-up Third Place Score Fourth Place
1987
Details
Amstelveen, Netherlands  
Netherlands
RR  
Australia
 
South Korea
RR  
Canada
1989
Details
Frankfurt, West Germany  
South Korea
RR  
Australia
 
West Germany
RR  
Great Britain
1991
Details
Berlin, Germany  
Australia
RR  
Germany
 
Netherlands
RR  
Spain
1993
Details
Amstelveen, Netherlands  
Australia
1–1
(4–2)
Penalty strokes
 
Netherlands
 
Germany
2–0  
South Korea
1995
Details
Mar del Plata, Argentina  
Australia
1–1
(4–3)
Penalty strokes
 
South Korea
 
United States
0–0
(4–1)

Penalty strokes
 
Germany
1997
Details
Berlin, Germany  
Australia
2–1
After extra time
 
Germany
 
Netherlands
5–2  
South Korea
1999
Details
Brisbane, Australia  
Australia
3–2  
Netherlands
 
Germany
1–0  
Argentina
2000
Details
Amstelveen, Netherlands  
Netherlands
3–2  
Germany
 
Australia
1–0  
Argentina
2001
Details
Amstelveen, Netherlands  
Argentina
3–2  
Netherlands
 
Australia
2–1
After extra time
 
China
2002
Details
Macau  
China
2–2
(3–1)
Penalty strokes
 
Argentina
 
Netherlands
4–3
After extra time
 
Australia
2003
Details
Sydney, Australia  
Australia
3–2  
China
 
Netherlands
3–2  
Argentina
2004
Details
Rosario, Argentina  
Netherlands
2–0  
Germany
 
Argentina
3–2  
Australia
2005
Details
Canberra, Australia  
Netherlands
0–0
(5–4)
Penalty strokes
 
Australia
 
China
2–2
(9–8)

Penalty strokes
 
Argentina
2006
Details
Amstelveen, Netherlands  
Germany
3–2  
China
 
Netherlands
1–1
(4–1)

Penalty strokes
 
Argentina
2007
Details
Quilmes, Argentina  
Netherlands
1–0  
Argentina
 
Germany
2–0  
Australia
2008
Details
Mönchengladbach, Germany  
Argentina
6–2  
Germany
 
Netherlands
3–0  
China
2009
Details
Sydney, Australia  
Argentina
0–0
(4–3)
Penalty strokes
 
Australia
 
Netherlands
5–2  
Germany
2010
Details
Nottingham, England  
Argentina
4–2  
Netherlands
 
England
2–1  
Germany
2011
Details
Amsterdam, Netherlands  
Netherlands
3–3
(3–2)
Penalty strokes
 
Argentina
 
New Zealand
3–2  
South Korea
2012
Details
Rosario, Argentina  
Argentina
1–0  
Great Britain
 
Netherlands
5–4  
Germany
2014
Details
Mendoza, Argentina  
Argentina
1–1
(3–1)
Penalty strokes
 
Australia
 
Netherlands
2–1  
New Zealand
2016
Details
London, United Kingdom  
Argentina
2–1  
Netherlands
 
United States
2–2
(1–0)
Penalty strokes
 
Australia
2018
Details
Changzhou, China  
Netherlands
5–1  
Australia
 
Argentina
6–0  
China

Performance by nation

edit
Team Titles Runners-up Third Place Fourth Place
  Netherlands 7 (1987*, 2000*, 2004, 2005, 2007, 2011*, 2018) 5 (1993*, 1999, 2001*, 2010, 2016) 9 (1991, 1997, 2002, 2003, 2006*, 2008, 2009, 2012, 2014)
  Argentina 7 (2001, 2008, 2009, 2010, 2012*, 2014*, 2016) 3 (2002, 2007*, 2011) 2 (2004*, 2018) 5 (1999, 2000, 2003, 2005, 2006)
  Australia 6 (1991, 1993, 1995, 1997, 1999*, 2003*) 6 (1987, 1989, 2005*, 2009*, 2014, 2018) 2 (2000, 2001) 4 (2002, 2004, 2007, 2016)
  Germany^ 1 (2006) 5 (1991*, 1997*, 2000, 2004, 2008*) 4 (1989*, 1993, 1999, 2007) 4 (1995, 2009, 2010, 2012)
  China 1 (2002*) 2 (2003, 2006) 1 (2005) 3 (2001, 2008, 2018*)
  South Korea 1 (1989) 1 (1995) 1 (1987) 3 (1993, 1997, 2011)
  Great Britain~ 1 (2012) 1 (2010) 1 (1989)
  United States 2 (1995, 2016)
  New Zealand 1 (2011) 1 (2014)
  Canada 1 (1987)
  Spain 1 (1991)
* = host nation
^ = includes results representing West Germany between 1987 and 1989
~ = includes results representing England

Team appearances

edit
Team  
1987
 
1989
 
1991
 
1993
 
1995
 
1997
 
1999
 
2000
 
2001
 
2002
 
2003
 
2004
 
2005
 
2006
 
2007
 
2008
 
2009
 
2010
 
2011
 
2012
 
2014
 
2016
 
2018
Total
  Argentina - - - - 6th - 4th 4th 1st 2nd 4th 3rd 4th 4th 2nd 1st 1st 1st 2nd 1st 1st 1st 3rd 18
  Australia 2nd 2nd 1st 1st 1st 1st 1st 3rd 3rd 4th 1st 4th 2nd 5th 4th 5th 2nd - 6th - 2nd 4th 2nd 21
  Canada 4th 6th - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 2
  China - - 5th - - - - - 4th 1st 2nd 5th 3rd 2nd - 4th 5th 6th 7th 8th 6th - 4th 14
  Germany^ - 3rd 2nd 3rd 4th 2nd 3rd 2nd - - - 2nd 5th 1st 3rd 2nd 4th 4th 8th 4th 7th - - 17
  Great Britain~ 5th 4th - 6th - 5th - - - 6th 5th - - - - - 6th 3rd 5th 2nd 5th 5th 5th 13
  Japan - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 5th 6th - - - 5th 8th - 6th 5
  Netherlands 1st 5th 3rd 2nd - 3rd 2nd 1st 2nd 3rd 3rd 1st 1st 3rd 1st 3rd 3rd 2nd 1st 3rd 3rd 2nd 1st 22
  New Zealand 6th - - - - - 5th 6th 5th 5th - 6th - 6th - - - 5th 3rd 6th 4th 6th - 12
  South Africa - - - - - - - 5th - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 1
  South Korea 3rd 1st 6th 4th 2nd 4th 6th - - - 6th - 6th - - - - - 4th 7th - - - 11
  Spain - - 4th 5th 5th - - - 6th - - - - - 6th - - - - - - - - 5
  United States - - - - 3rd 6th - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 3rd - 3
Total 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 8 8 8 6 6 144
^ = includes result representing West Germany in 1989
~ = includes results representing England

The Netherlands is the only team to have competed at almost every Champions Trophy, except for only one edition; 13 teams have competed in at least one Champions Trophy.

See also

edit

References

edit
  1. ^ "Hockey Pro League Q&A". FIH.ch. 9 June 2017. Archived from the original on 14 June 2017. Retrieved 12 June 2017.