T-cell surface glycoprotein CD3 epsilon chain

CD3e molecule, epsilon also known as CD3E is a polypeptide which in humans is encoded by the CD3E gene which resides on chromosome 11.

CD3E
Available structures PDB Ortholog search: PDBe RCSB List of PDB id codes 1A81, 1SY6, 1XIW, 2ROL
Identifiers
Aliases	CD3E, IMD18, T3E, TCRE, CD3e molecule, CD3epsilon, CD3 epsilon subunit of T-cell receptor complex
External IDs	OMIM: 186830; MGI: 88332; HomoloGene: 586; GeneCards: CD3E; OMA:CD3E - orthologs
Gene location (Human) Chr. Chromosome 11 (human) Band 11q23.3 Start 118,304,730 bp End 118,316,175 bp
Gene location (Mouse) Chr. Chromosome 9 (mouse) Band 9 A5.2|9 24.84 cM Start 44,910,038 bp End 44,920,925 bp
RNA expression pattern Bgee Human Mouse (ortholog) Top expressed in granulocyte appendix lymph node spleen blood epithelium of colon thymus gallbladder rectum mucosa of transverse colon Top expressed in thymus blood morula blastocyst mesenteric lymph nodes spleen pharynx subcutaneous adipose tissue duodenum jejunum More reference expression data BioGPS More reference expression data
Gene ontology Molecular function SH3 domain binding signal transducer activity protein binding protein heterodimerization activity signaling receptor complex adaptor activity T cell receptor binding protein kinase binding transmembrane signaling receptor activity protein homodimerization activity Cellular component integral component of membrane membrane cell-cell junction alpha-beta T cell receptor complex plasma membrane integral component of plasma membrane T cell receptor complex immunological synapse external side of plasma membrane dendritic spine cell body Biological process regulation of apoptotic process G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway positive regulation of calcium-mediated signaling negative regulation of smoothened signaling pathway T cell differentiation in thymus response to nutrient transmembrane receptor protein tyrosine kinase signaling pathway immune system process T cell costimulation positive regulation of interferon-gamma production signal complex assembly negative regulation of gene expression positive regulation of interleukin-4 production negative thymic T cell selection cell surface receptor signaling pathway positive regulation of gene expression positive regulation of T cell anergy positive regulation of T cell activation positive regulation of T cell proliferation positive regulation of alpha-beta T cell proliferation positive regulation of peptidyl-tyrosine phosphorylation regulation of immune response apoptotic signaling pathway lymphocyte activation T cell receptor signaling pathway T cell activation protein homooligomerization dendrite development cerebellum development adaptive immune response protein-containing complex assembly positive regulation of cell-matrix adhesion T cell differentiation positive regulation of cell-cell adhesion mediated by integrin positive thymic T cell selection Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs Species Human Mouse Entrez 916 12501 Ensembl ENSG00000198851 ENSMUSG00000032093 UniProt P07766 P22646 RefSeq (mRNA) NM_000733 NM_007648 RefSeq (protein) NP_000724 NP_031674 Location (UCSC) Chr 11: 118.3 – 118.32 Mb Chr 9: 44.91 – 44.92 Mb PubMed search
Wikidata
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Function

The protein encoded by this gene is the CD3-epsilon polypeptide, which together with CD3-gamma, -delta and -zeta, and the T-cell receptor alpha/beta and gamma/delta heterodimers, forms the T cell receptor-CD3 complex. This complex plays an important role in coupling antigen recognition to several intracellular signal-transduction pathways. The genes encoding the epsilon, gamma and delta polypeptides are located in the same cluster on chromosome 11. The epsilon polypeptide plays an essential role in T-cell development.

Clinical significance

Defects in this gene cause severe immunodeficiency. This gene has also been linked to a susceptibility to type I diabetes in women.

Interactions

T-cell surface glycoprotein CD3 epsilon chain has been shown to interact with TOP2B, CD3EAP and NCK2.

See also

• CD3 (immunology)
• Cluster of differentiation

Further reading

• Li CJ (December 2006). "Therapeutic biology: checkpoint pathway activation therapy, HIV Tat, and transkingdom RNA interference". Journal of Cellular Physiology. 209 (3): 695–700. doi:10.1002/jcp.20817. PMID 17001685. S2CID 37846031.
• Thoenes G, Soudais C, le Deist F, Griscelli C, Fischer A, Lisowska-Grospierre B (January 1992). "Structural analysis of low TCR-CD3 complex expression in T cells of an immunodeficient patient". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 267 (1): 487–93. doi:10.1016/S0021-9258(18)48521-3. PMID 1370449.
• Luzzati AL, Giacomini E, Giordani L, Pugliese O, Viora M, Chersi A (August 1992). "The antigen-specific induction of normal human lymphocytes in vitro is down-regulated by a conserved HIV p24 epitope". Immunology Letters. 33 (3): 307–14. doi:10.1016/0165-2478(92)90078-3. PMID 1385321.
• Lanier LL, Chang C, Spits H, Phillips JH (September 1992). "Expression of cytoplasmic CD3 epsilon proteins in activated human adult natural killer (NK) cells and CD3 gamma, delta, epsilon complexes in fetal NK cells. Implications for the relationship of NK and T lymphocytes". Journal of Immunology. 149 (6): 1876–80. doi:10.4049/jimmunol.149.6.1876. PMID 1387664.
• Wong S, Moore S, Orisio S, Millward A, Demaine AG (January 1991). "Susceptibility to type I diabetes in women is associated with the CD3 epsilon locus on chromosome 11". Clinical and Experimental Immunology. 83 (1): 69–73. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2249.1991.tb05590.x. PMC 1535466. PMID 1671006.
• Ruegg CL, Strand M (October 1991). "A synthetic peptide with sequence identity to the transmembrane protein GP41 of HIV-1 inhibits distinct lymphocyte activation pathways dependent on protein kinase C and intracellular calcium influx". Cellular Immunology. 137 (1): 1–13. doi:10.1016/0008-8749(91)90051-C. PMID 1832084.
• Cefai D, Debre P, Kaczorek M, Idziorek T, Autran B, Bismuth G (December 1990). "Human immunodeficiency virus-1 glycoproteins gp120 and gp160 specifically inhibit the CD3/T cell-antigen receptor phosphoinositide transduction pathway". The Journal of Clinical Investigation. 86 (6): 2117–24. doi:10.1172/JCI114950. PMC 329852. PMID 1979339.
• Luzzati AL, Pugliese O, Giacomini E, Giordani L, Quintieri F, Hraba T, Mach O, Krchnák V, Vágner J (1990). "Immunoregulatory effect of a synthetic peptide corresponding to a region of protein p24 of HIV". Folia Biologica. 36 (1): 71–7. PMID 2111780.
• Koning F, Maloy WL, Coligan JE (February 1990). "The implications of subunit interactions for the structure of the T cell receptor-CD3 complex". European Journal of Immunology. 20 (2): 299–305. doi:10.1002/eji.1830200211. PMID 2138083. S2CID 2180901.
• van den Elsen P, Shepley BA, Cho M, Terhorst C (1985). "Isolation and characterization of a cDNA clone encoding the murine homologue of the human 20K T3/T-cell receptor glycoprotein". Nature. 314 (6011): 542–4. Bibcode:1985Natur.314..542V. doi:10.1038/314542a0. PMID 2859526. S2CID 4321989.
• Gold DP, Puck JM, Pettey CL, Cho M, Coligan J, Woody JN, Terhorst C (1986). "Isolation of cDNA clones encoding the 20K non-glycosylated polypeptide chain of the human T-cell receptor/T3 complex". Nature. 321 (6068): 431–4. Bibcode:1986Natur.321..431G. doi:10.1038/321431a0. PMID 3012357. S2CID 4318166.
• Clevers HC, Dunlap S, Wileman TE, Terhorst C (November 1988). "Human CD3-epsilon gene contains three miniexons and is transcribed from a non-TATA promoter". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 85 (21): 8156–60. doi:10.1073/pnas.85.21.8156. PMC 282386. PMID 3267235.
• Gold DP, Clevers H, Alarcon B, Dunlap S, Novotny J, Williams AF, Terhorst C (November 1987). "Evolutionary relationship between the T3 chains of the T-cell receptor complex and the immunoglobulin supergene family". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 84 (21): 7649–53. Bibcode:1987PNAS...84.7649G. doi:10.1073/pnas.84.21.7649. PMC 299357. PMID 3478717.
• DeNofrio D, Radcliff G, Weinhold KJ, Denning SM (August 1995). "CD3 delta and epsilon gene expression in CD3-CD16+ natural killer cell clones derived from thymic precursors". Human Immunology. 43 (4): 283–94. doi:10.1016/0198-8859(95)91034-U. PMID 7499176.
• Kishimoto H, Kubo RT, Yorifuji H, Nakayama T, Asano Y, Tada T (December 1995). "Physical dissociation of the TCR-CD3 complex accompanies receptor ligation". The Journal of Experimental Medicine. 182 (6): 1997–2006. doi:10.1084/jem.182.6.1997. PMC 2192252. PMID 7500045.
• Oravecz T, Norcross MA (October 1993). "Costimulatory properties of the human CD4 molecule: enhancement of CD3-induced T cell activation by human immunodeficiency virus type 1 through viral envelope glycoprotein gp120". AIDS Research and Human Retroviruses. 9 (10): 945–55. doi:10.1089/aid.1993.9.945. PMID 7506554.
• Beecher MS, Baiocchi RA, Linett ML, Krajewski CA, Caligiuri MA (May 1994). "Expression of the zeta protein subunit in CD3- NK effectors derived from human thymus". Cellular Immunology. 155 (2): 508–16. doi:10.1006/cimm.1994.1143. PMID 7514106.
• Luzzati AL, Giacomini E, Giordani L, Viora M, Chersi A, Camponeschi B, Pugliese O (July 1994). "An HIV p24 heptapeptide down-regulates antigen-specific responses in vitro interfering at the level of the T3-Ti complex". Cellular Immunology. 156 (2): 286–95. doi:10.1006/cimm.1994.1175. PMID 7517794.
• Dianzani U, Bragardo M, Buonfiglio D, Redoglia V, Funaro A, Portoles P, Rojo J, Malavasi F, Pileri A (May 1995). "Modulation of CD4 lateral interaction with lymphocyte surface molecules induced by HIV-1 gp120". European Journal of Immunology. 25 (5): 1306–11. doi:10.1002/eji.1830250526. PMID 7539755. S2CID 37717142.
• Müller B, Cooper L, Terhorst C (January 1995). "Interplay between the human TCR/CD3 epsilon and the B-cell antigen receptor associated Ig-beta (B29)". Immunology Letters. 44 (2–3): 97–103. doi:10.1016/0165-2478(94)00199-2. PMID 7541024.

This article incorporates text from the United States National Library of Medicine, which is in the public domain.