Busk (Ukrainian: Буськ; Polish: Busk) is a city located in Zolochiv Raion in Lviv Oblast (region) of western Ukraine. It hosts the administration of Busk urban hromada, one of the hromadas of Ukraine.[1] Population: 8,662 (2022 estimate).[2]
Busk
Буськ | |
|---|---|
![Busk City Hall [uk]](/wiki/File:46-206-0036.%D0%9F%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%96%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D1%81%D1%83%D0%B4_(%D0%BC%D1%83%D1%80.jpg) | |
 Coat of arms | |
  Busk .svg) Busk | |
| Coordinates: 49°58′0″N 24°37′0″E / 49.96667°N 24.61667°E | |
| Country |  Ukraine |
| Oblast | Lviv Oblast |
| Raion | Zolochiv Raion |
| Hromada | Busk urban hromada |
| Area | |
| • Total | 9.0 km2 (3.5 sq mi) |
| Population (2022) | |
| • Total | 8,662 |
| • Density | 960/km2 (2,500/sq mi) |
| Time zone | UTC+2 (EET) |
| • Summer (DST) | UTC+3 (EEST) |
| Postal code | 80500—80505 |
| Area code | +380-3264 |
| Sister cities | Ropczyce |
Until 18 July 2020 it was the administrative center of the Busk Raion, now disestablished.
Busk was the birthplace of Yevhen Petrushevych, the president of the West Ukrainian National Republic.
History
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Busk has a long history. First mentioned in 1097 in Primary Chronicle as Bug City (Old East Slavic: бужьсъкъ городъ) in the context of the dispute between Rus' princes for border area between Principality of Halych and Volhynian principality.[3] Bug City was named due to its location near Western Bug which locally is known as Bug river.
Busk was granted town charter in 1411 by Siemowit IV, Duke of Masovia. In the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, it belonged to the Belz Voivodeship in the Lesser Poland Province, and was the seat of a separate administrative unit, the Land of Busk. The town remained part of Poland until the First Partition of Poland (1772), when it was seized by the Habsburg Empire, and remained in Austrian Galicia until 1918. In 1913, the population of Busk was 8,000, including 3,500 Poles, 2,700 Jews and 1,800 Ukrainians. In the interwar period, Busk belonged to Kamionka Buska County, Tarnopol Voivodeship, until Soviet invasion of Poland (September 1939).
| Year | Pop. | ±% |
|---|---|---|
| 1921 | 6,148 | — |
| 1931 | 7,010 | +14.0% |
| 2022 | 8,662 | +23.6% |
| Source: [4] | ||
Busk had a very active Jewish community before World War II. The first synagogue was built in 1502.[5] The old Jewish cemetery was renowned. On July 1, 1941, German forces occupied Busk. The Jewish population was transferred to a ghetto then murdered on May 21, 1943. 1500 Jews perished during this operation.[5] A witness recalled of the executions of the Jews, "All middle-aged Jews were gathered to work. Then, they were taken to the execution site...while others dug the pits."[6] From May to November 1943, the Germans operated a forced labour camp for Jews in the town.[7] Raisel Meltzak, a Jewish child from Busk, was among the first Holocaust survivors to have her testimony recorded when she was interviewed by David P. Boder at a home for displaced Jewish orphans in France on September 8, 1946.[8]
Until 18 July 2020, Busk was the administrative center of Busk Raion. The raion was abolished in July 2020 as part of the administrative reform of Ukraine, which reduced the number of raions of Lviv Oblast to seven. The area of Busk Raion was merged into Zolochiv Raion.[9][10]
International relations
editTwin towns – Sister cities
editBusk is twinned with
Notable people
editFurther reading
edit- Weiner, Miriam; Ukrainian State Archives (in cooperation with); Moldovan State Archives (in cooperation with) (1999). "Town Clips: Busk." Jewish Roots in Ukraine and Moldova: Pages from the Past and Archival Inventories . Secaucus, NJ: Miriam Weiner Routes to Roots Foundation. p. 408. ISBY 978-0-96-565081-6. OCLC 607423469.
References
edit- ^ "Буская городская громада" (in Russian). Портал об'єднаних громад України.
- ^ Чисельність наявного населення України на 1 січня 2022 [Number of Present Population of Ukraine, as of January 1, 2022] (PDF) (in Ukrainian and English). Kyiv: State Statistics Service of Ukraine. Archived (PDF) from the original on 4 July 2022.
- ^ ПСРЛ. — Т. 2. Hypatian manuscript. — СПб., 1908. — Ст. 241
- ^ Wiadomości Statystyczne Głównego Urzędu Statystycznego (in Polish). Vol. X. Warszawa: Główny Urząd Statystyczny. 1932. p. 195.
- ^ a b Porteur de mémoires, Père Patrick Desbois, Flammarion 2007
- ^ "Execution Sites of Jewish Victims Investigated by Yahad-In Unum". Yahad-In Unum Interactive Map. Retrieved 23 January 2015.
- ^ "Zwangsarbeitslager für Juden Bus'k". Bundesarchiv.de (in German). Retrieved 10 January 2024.
- ^ Interview with Raisel Meltzak
- ^ "Про утворення та ліквідацію районів. Постанова Верховної Ради України № 807-ІХ". Голос України (in Ukrainian). 2020-07-18. Retrieved 2020-10-03.
- ^ "Нові райони: карти + склад" (in Ukrainian). Міністерство розвитку громад та територій України.