Hakea decurrens, commonly known as bushy needlewood,[3] is a species of shrub or small tree in the family Proteaceae.
| Hakea decurrens | |
|---|---|
| |
| H.decurrens subsp. physocarpa | |
Scientific classification 
| |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| Clade: | Tracheophytes |
| Clade: | Angiosperms |
| Clade: | Eudicots |
| Order: | Proteales |
| Family: | Proteaceae |
| Genus: | Hakea |
| Species: | H. decurrens
|
| Binomial name | |
| Hakea decurrens | |
| |
| Occurrence data from AVH | |
Description
editHakea decurrens is a semi-prostrate to erect scrambling bush or small tree 0.4–5 m (1–20 ft) tall. Smaller branches have short densely matted silky hairs, occasionally some quickly becoming smooth. Leaves are needle-shaped, widely spreading horizontally are 1.5–8 cm (0.6–3 in) long and 0.7–1.6 mm (0.03–0.06 in) wide. The smooth leaves are grooved on the underside ending with a sharp point 1–3.5 mm (0.04–0.1 in) long. The inflorescence consists 1-6 white or pink flowers on a short white or rusty slightly hairy or densely matted hairy short stalk. The hairs extending onto a 1.2–4.8 mm (0.047–0.19 in) long pedicel. The smooth perianth is 4.2–7.2 mm (0.17–0.28 in) long. The style is 8.5–12.2 mm (0.33–0.48 in) long. A profusion of flowers appear in leaf axils from May to September. The grey woody fruit are broadly egg-shaped 1.8–3.5 cm (0.7–1 in) long and 1–3 cm (0.39–1.2 in) wide covered in distinct warts ending in a prominent beak with two small horns.[3][4][5][6][7]
Taxonomy and naming
editHakea decurrens was first formally described in 1830 by Robert Brown in Supplementum primum prodromi florae Novae Hollandiae.[8] The specific epithet (decurrens) is a Latin word, meaning "decurrent" or "prolonged below the point of insertion", referring to the insertion of the leaf on the stem.[6]
In 1996 William Robert Barker described three subspecies of Hakea decurrens in the Journal of the Adelaide Botanic Gardens and the names are accepted by the Australian Plant Census[9]
The main differences are their fruit and hair characteristics on smaller branches.
- Hakea decurrens subsp. decurrens[10] on younger branches has flattened hairs, quickly becoming smooth and the fruit 1–1.8 cm (0.39–0.71 in) wide;[6][7]
- Hakea decurrens subsp. platytaenia[11] has persistent raised hairs and fruit 2.6–3.5 cm (1.0–1.4 in) wide;[6][7]
- Hakea decurrens subsp. physocarpa[12] has flattened hairs, quickly lost. Fruit 1.3–2.5 cm (0.51–0.98 in) wide.[6][7]
Distribution and habitat
editThe species is native and widespread in New South Wales, Victoria and Tasmania in Australia. Additionally it is naturalised in South Australia and Portugal.
Three subspecies are currently recognised:
- H.decurrens subsp. decurrens, occurs on the western slopes and plains of the Great Dividing Range of New South Wales;[6][7]
- H.decurrens subsp. platytaenia, occurs in exposed coastal heaths in southeastern New South Wales, eastern Victoria and the Bass Strait Islands.[6][7]
- H.decurrens subsp. physocarpa, occurs in New South Wales, Victoria and the Bass Strait Islands. In Tasmania it is thought to be native to the north and naturalised in the south. It is also naturalised in the Mount Lofty Ranges in South Australia and Portugal.[6][7]
References
edit
- ^ Douglas, S.; Barker, W.; Haegi, L. (2020). "Hakea decurrens". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T117487151A122768751. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-3.RLTS.T117487151A122768751.en. Retrieved 22 August 2024.
- ^ "Hakea decurrens". Australian Plant Census. Retrieved 22 June 2022.
- ^ a b "Hakea decurrens". VicFlora-Online. Royal Botanic Gardens Victoria. Retrieved 27 February 2019.
- ^ Holliday, Ivan (2005). Hakeas a Field and Garden Guide. Reed New Holland. ISBN 1-877069-14-0.
- ^ Wrigley, John W.; Fagg, Murray (1989). Banksias, Waratahs & Grevilleas & all other plants in the Australian Proteaceae Family. Collins Australia. ISBN 0-7322-0020-2.
- ^ a b c d e f g h "Hakea decurrens". Flora of South Australia. South Australian Government. Retrieved 27 February 2019.
- ^ a b c d e f g Wilson, Annette; Barker, Robyn M.; Haegi, Laurence A.; Barker, William R., eds. (1999). Flora of Australia (PDF). Vol. 17B. Canberra/Melbourne: ABRS-Department of Environment & Heritage. ISBN 0-643-06454-0.
- ^ "Hakea decurrens". Australian Plant Name Index (APNI), IBIS database. Centre for Plant Biodiversity Research, Australian Government, Canberra. Retrieved 2009-08-09.
- ^ Barker, William R. (1996). "Novelties and taxonomic notes relating to Hakea (Proteaceae), mainly of eastern Australia". Journal of the Adelaide Botanic Gardens. 17. Retrieved 22 June 2022.
- ^ "Hakea decurrens subsp. decurrens". Australian Plant Census. Retrieved 22 June 2022.
- ^ "Hakea decurrens subsp. platytaenia". Australian Plant Census. Retrieved 22 June 2022.
- ^ "Hakea decurrens subsp. physocarpa". Australian Plant Census. Retrieved 22 June 2022.