Wikipedia

Beyond the Black Rainbow

Beyond the Black Rainbow is a 2010 Canadian psychedelic science fiction horror film written and directed by Panos Cosmatos[2] in his feature film debut. It stars Michael Rogers and Eva Allan.

Beyond the Black Rainbow
Theatrical release poster
Directed byPanos Cosmatos
Written byPanos Cosmatos
Produced by
  • Oliver Linsley
  • Christya Nordstokke
Starring
  • Michael Rogers
  • Eva Allan
  • Scott Hylands
  • Marilyn Norry
  • Rondel Reynoldson
CinematographyNorm Li
Edited byNicholas T. Shepard
Music bySinoia Caves
Production
company
Chromewood Productions
Distributed byMongrel Media
Release dates
Running time
109 minutes
CountryCanada
LanguageEnglish
Budget$1.1 million[1]
Box office$56,491 (US)[1]

Beyond the Black Rainbow was distributed by Mongrel Media in Canada, and by Magnet Releasing, a sub-division of Magnolia Pictures, in the United States.[3] Produced and filmed in Vancouver, the film premiered at the 2010 Whistler Film Festival, in Whistler, British Columbia.[4] Through 2011, it was also screened at several film festivals across North America, including Tribeca Film Festival in New York City,[5] Fantastic Fest in Austin, Texas and Fantasia Festival in Montreal.[6]

Plot

edit

In the 1960s, Mercurio Arboria founded the Arboria Institute, a research facility dedicated to reconciling science and spirituality, allowing humans to move into a New Age of "Serenity Through Technology" and perpetual happiness.

In 1983, Dr. Barry Nyle, Arboria's protégé, runs the Institute. His main subject is Elena. Held within the institute's lower levels, Elena communicates through telepathy and demonstrates psychic abilities, which Nyle suppresses with a glowing prismatic device.

During the day, Nyle subjects Elena to "therapy" sessions, during which Elena begs to see her father, but Nyle repeatedly rejects her. At night, while Elena uses her psychic abilities to surreptitiously watch television shows through a video monitor on the wall of her cell, Nyle returns home to his wife Rosemary, who seems permanently in a marijuana-induced stupor. Nyle himself takes significant quantities of prescription medications.

Attempting to elicit an emotional response from Elena, Nyle speaks about her dead mother. Following his hints, Elena finds her mother's photo under her bed.[7] That evening, nurse Margo discovers Elena's case notes, containing strange symbols and images that indicate Nyle's violent sexual obsession with her. She puts the notes back, but he realizes her discovery when he finds the ash from her cigarette.

Nyle stages a confrontation between Margo and Elena, then deactivates the prism. Elena telekinetically kills Margo by causing her brain to burst through her eyes, thrilling Nyle. He briefly allows Elena to leave her cell before reactivating the prism, incapacitating her. He summons a "Sentionaut", encased in a red environment suit. The Sentionaut injects a tracking device into Elena's neck, returns her to the cell, and removes Margo's corpse.

Nyle visits Arboria, who displays signs of senility and drug addiction. He murders Arboria, which Elena experiences via telepathic link. A flashback to 1966 reveals that Elena's mother Anna was Arboria's wife and colleague. Arboria submitted a young Nyle to a procedure meant to help him transcend. After being submerged in a vat of black liquid and experiencing otherworldly, hellish visions, Nyle emerged insane and killed Anna. Unperturbed, Arboria submits the infant Elena, his daughter, to the same procedure. Nyle returns home and removes his disguises, revealing a bald head and black irises. Declaring to Rosemary he is an evolved being from "Beyond the Black Rainbow," Nyle pushes his thumbs into her eye sockets, killing her.

Meanwhile, Elena escapes her cell. Evading the prism's detection, Sentionauts, and unknown threats, Elena finds the way out and sees the night sky for the first time in her life. Nyle, wielding a ceremonial dagger he calls "The Devil's Tear-Drop," arrives at the institute to find Elena gone. While pursuing her through the wooded areas surrounding the institute, he kills a pair of "heshers."

Nyle eventually confronts Elena in a clearing and repeatedly implores her to come to him. Elena uses her psychic abilities to trap Nyle's feet, causing him to fall, hit his head against a rock, and die instantly. Elena finds herself on a suburban street, guided by the light generated by a television set.

A post-credits scene reveals a Sentionaut action figure, ostensibly in a child's bedroom.

Cast

edit
  • Michael Rogers as Barry Nyle, the Head of Research of the Arboria Institute. He goes insane after a psychic experience in 1966.
  • Eva Bourne (credited as Eva Allan) as Elena, the daughter of Anna and Mercurio Arboria. Due to the experiments at the Arboria Institute (where she is kept in isolation), she gains psychic powers.
  • Scott Hylands as Mercurio Arboria, a reclusive new age spiritual leader who founded the Arboria Institute in order to help people find spiritual happiness and transcendence.
  • Marilyn Norry as Rosemary Nyle, Barry's docile wife.
  • Rondel Reynoldson as Margo, a nurse who lacks empathy.
  • Sara Stockstad as Anna Arboria, the mother of Elena and wife of Mercurio. She is seen only in flashbacks and photographs.
  • Roy Campsall as the Sentionaut, an artificial bioform kept in storage at the Arboria Institute.

Production

edit

Development

edit
 
The interior and exterior of the Bloedel Floral Conservatory was used numerous times in the film

As a child, Cosmatos frequented a video store named Video Attic. During these trips he would browse the horror film section looking at the boxes although he was not allowed to watch such films. During such times he would instead imagine what the film was. He would later reflect upon this experience when making Black Rainbow where one of his goals was "to create a film that is a sort of imagining of an old film that doesn't exist." The year 1983 was chosen for the story as it was the first year he went to Video Attic. Additionally, he thought the idea of setting such a film one year before 1984 was funny. The film's genesis was an overlap between two projects Cosmatos wanted to do. One of these was a film about a girl trapped in an asylum while the other was an installation promoting a non-existent research facility. Eventually Cosmatos realized that he could use both ideas in the same project.[8]

The presence of his parents haunts "every frame of this film",[9] said the Rome-born filmmaker.[10] His father was film director George P. Cosmatos (whose credits include Rambo: First Blood Part II and Cobra), deceased in April 2005,[11] and his mother Swedish sculptor Birgitta Ljungberg-Cosmatos,[9] who died in July 1997 after a lengthy battle with cancer.[12] Unable to deal with his mother's death, Panos "drifted into a slow motion mode of self-destruction and binge drinking." When his father died too, the grief he felt compounded. After that the aspiring writer/director started therapy and decided he wanted to make a film as part of the healing process.[13] Cosmatos felt that his "filmmaking sensibility is a weird hybrid of both of them" – his father's "popcorn movies" and his mother's haunting, experimental art.[4]

Casting

edit

Eva Allan, who plays the main female lead, found an acting agent right away after graduating from School Creative which led to her role on this film.[14]

Filming

edit

Beyond the Black Rainbow was financed by DVD residuals from Tombstone (1993), directed by Panos' father.[15] The film was shot in three weeks using a modified Panavision 35 mm camera.[4] This was suggested by cinematographer Norm Li, for he noted that Panos' references – mostly films from the '70s and '80s – "were all grainy, colorful, and full of texture", and he felt the 35 mm format was "the only way to shoot."[16]

Style and influences

edit

Visuals

edit

Beyond the Black Rainbow has been praised for its visual style. Cosmatos declared that his "modernist" use of color was influenced by Michael Mann's Manhunter (1986) and The Keep (1983).[17] The blue hue cinematography – the "night mode" as Cosmatos dubbed it – was inspired by the freezer room scene in John Carpenter's Dark Star (1974).[10] Norm Li cited other references: Daft Punk's Electroma (2006), Dario Argento's Suspiria (1977), and George Lucas' THX 1138 (1971).[16] A number of reviewers noted similarities between the film and Stanley Kubrick's 2001: A Space Odyssey (1968) and A Clockwork Orange (1971).[18] "I love Stanley Kubrick, and have seen, and probably internalized, all of his work, but any similarity was not my intent", explained Cosmatos.[19] Critics have also compared Beyond the Black Rainbow to Andrei Tarkovsky's Solaris (1972),[20][21][22] Ken Russell's Altered States (1980),[23][24] and Gaspar Noé's Enter the Void (2010).[24] Of the latter, the director deemed it "a very interesting, very beautiful film."[4]

 
Barry Nyle descends into the black liquid as he starts his 1966 psychic journey.

The 1966 flashback segment of the movie was inspired by E. Elias Merhige's experimental horror film Begotten (1989). Begotten was entirely shot in high-contrast black-and-white, which for Cosmatos "was a perfect look for the flashback because I wanted it to feel like a fading and decayed artifact." The young Barry Nyle's acid trip in that segment of Beyond the Black Rainbow was inspired by the "Battle of the Gods" sequence in Jean-Luc Godard's Contempt (1963).[25]

Cosmatos also takes influence from other visual media. The director declared his love for Heavy Metal magazine and the work of French comics artist Jean "Moebius" Giraud. Fantasy art was also an influence, especially Frank Frazetta's paintings.[4] Norm Li stated that both he and the director "also looked at abstract paintings, photographs, and architectural design books" for inspiration.[16]

Pacing

edit

One of Beyond the Black Rainbow's notable characteristics is its deliberately slow, hypnotic pace. According to Cosmatos, Beyond the Black Rainbow belongs to what he dubbed the "trance film" subgenre.[25] Cosmatos mentioned Francis Ford Coppola's Apocalypse Now (1979), Alain Resnais' Last Year at Marienbad (1961) and Saul Bass's Phase IV (1974) as cinematographic blueprints for his debut film.[26][27] Cosmatos explained the rationale behind his screen-writing, which downplays the "very concrete story at the heart of it" in favor of an "atmospheric" approach:

I decided to just write as straightforward as possible, then let the visuals and the look of the film bloom around something that was pretty straightforward. At the end of the day, I decided to bring down the story elements to allow the visual and the story elements to come more into the foreground, to make it more dream-like and less story-driven.[27]

Music

edit

Jeremy Schmidt, keyboard player for Vancouver-based rockers Black Mountain, was invited by Cosmatos to compose the film's soundtrack. "Evil Ball", a track from Schmidt's solo project, Sinoia Caves, was used by the movie's director on a private screening held for Schmidt. A mutual appreciation for Tangerine Dream, John Carpenter soundtracks and Giorgio Moroder's music for Midnight Express (1978) and American Gigolo (1980) cemented their bond.[28] Schmidt also pointed out the background music from The Shining (1980) and Risky Business (1983) as musical blueprints for the Beyond the Black Rainbow score.[29]

Regarding the impact of The Shining's soundtrack on his score, Schmidt singled out the compositions by György Ligeti and Krzysztof Penderecki as sonic touchstones.[30] Their music had already been featured in the sci-fi and horror genres, two of Cosmatos's main cinematic obsessions when young.[15] Ligeti pieces "Lux Aeterna" and "Atmosphères" had been featured in 2001: A Space Odyssey,[31] and Penderecki's "Polymorphia" and a portion of "The Devils of Loudun" was used in The Exorcist (1973).[32]

For his analogue synthesizer score, Schmidt used the following equipment: a Prophet 5, two Oberheims, Moog Taurus bass pedals, a Korg CX-3 organ and a Mellotron.[33] An extensive use of the Mellotron can be heard on the flashback sequence, where Cosmatos had been using Pink Floyd's "Set the Controls for the Heart of the Sun" as a temp track.[30] All in all, "the chosen palette of sounds definitely harkens back to 'The New Age of Enlightenment'", said Schmidt.[29] The music was mixed by Joshua Stevenson at Otic Sound, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.

Themes

edit

Control

edit

Director Cosmatos has discussed his interested in social control mechanisms, our own personal, internal controls and how religion affects our consciousness and society.[4] These philosophical ideas are present in Beyond the Black Rainbow, a film focused on issues of repression and control of emotions.[34] Cosmatos partly picked up these themes by reading the science fiction works of Beat novelist William S. Burroughs, books by and large dealing with societal control.[4]

According to Cosmatos, the "rigid geometric world" of the Arboria Institute visually fits the movie's control theme. This is especially true for the Dr. Nyle character, someone "very knowledged, trying to create a very controlled environment to give himself a feeling of power."[26] The light triangle, responsible for dampening Elena's psychic powers, is another control symbol.[35] The institute's plethora of reflecting surfaces – the walls in the hallways, the giant piece of glass in the therapy room, the infinity-mirrored Sentionaut room, Margo's glasses[16] – might somewhat hint at this idea. To many ancient cultures, the mirror was a symbol of self-awareness, consciousness and intelligence, but also a source of pride and vanity.[36][37] The visual reference for Arboria Institute's interior design was THX 1138.[25]

The film's control leitmotif is shown in a subtler way by reflecting North America's political climate in the 1980s. Beyond the Black Rainbow has been called a "Reagan-era fever dream".[19] Its paranoid, Cold War mood contains nods to the late U.S. president – through a clip of an ominous televised speech by Ronald Reagan himself – and former Panamanian general and convicted drug lord Manuel Noriega (Dr. Nyle's "Noriega" jacket).[38][39]

Identity

edit

Another of Beyond the Black Rainbow‘s main themes is identity.[26] Over the course of the movie Dr. Nyle experiences a radical change of personality whose roots lie in the terrifying drug experience he had in 1966, under Mercurio Arboria's supervision. Being exposed to his shadow side so intensely crippled not only his mind, but his body: Barry is forced to use appliances such as a wig and contact lenses.[40] Similar to many Lovecraftian protagonists, Barry Nyle is ultimately a pathetic character: his far-reaching knowledge, restrained demeanor and carefully controlled work environment are unable to dominate the forces of irrationality and chaos burning in his mind. In the end, the doctor undergoes a physical and psychological transformation where he forfeits all control and gives in to madness.[41]

Criticism of "Baby Boomers" of the 1960s and the conservative backlash of the 1980s

edit

Cosmatos admits a dislike for Baby Boomers' spiritual ideals, an issue he addresses in Beyond the Black Rainbow. For him, the Boomers' search for alternative belief systems made them dabble in the dark side of occultism, which in turn corrupted their quest for spiritual enlightenment.[17] The use of psychedelic drugs for mind-expansion purposes is also explored,[42] although Cosmatos' take on it is "dark and disturbing", a "brand of psychedelia that stands in direct opposition to the flower child, magic mushroom peace trip" wrote a reviewer.[43] UGO Networks's Jordan Hoffman noted both elements, stating in his review that in the movie some "up-to-no-good new age scientists have let their experiments with consciousness-altering drugs mutate a young woman"[24] – in this case, Elena. Cosmatos explains why Dr. Arboria's mission to create a superior human ultimately failed:

I look at Arboria as kind of naïve. He had the best of intentions of wanting to expand human consciousness, but I think his ego got in the way of that and ultimately it turned into a poisonous, destructive thing. Because Arboria is trying to control consciousness and control the mind. There is a moment of truth in the film where the whole thing starts to disintegrate because it stops being about their humanity and becomes about an unattainable goal. That is the "Black Rainbow": trying to achieve some kind of unattainable state that is ultimately, probably destructive.[44]

German film critic Hauke Lehmann,[45] C. H. Newell writing at Father Son Holy Gore,[46] and Mike Lesuer of Flood Magazine[47] summarize Cosmatos's message with both Beyond the Black Rainbow and his next film Mandy as that the progressive social, political, and cultural utopias of the 1960s (as represented by Dr. Arboria and his original plans with his institute) went wrong because they weren't prepared yet for what lay beyond Aldous Huxley and Timothy Leary's doors of perception, thus inviting the counter-movement in the form of the conservative, right-wing 1980s (represented by Barry). Likewise, Simon Abrams and Steven Boone of Hollywood Reporter also note Cosmatos's harsh criticisms of the American conservative right of the 1980s.[48] For this reason Lehmann, in his aforementioned Cinema essay, calls Beyond the Black Rainbow an "even more advanced version" of the social and political themes found in Easy Rider and Fear and Loathing in Las Vegas.

Reception and legacy

edit

Cosmatos noted that critical reception of the film was originally "kind of muted, even downright negative" at first, but it began picking up better reviews after Tribeca 2011.[25]

The film has an approval rating of 61% on Rotten Tomatoes based on 36 reviews and an average score of 6.30/10.[49] Negative reviews focused generally on the surreal inscrutability of the plot and accusations of shallow pastiche; Tony Norman of the Pittsburgh Post-Gazette called it "all ambiance and no substance",[50] and Joe Neumaier of The New York Daily News called it a boring failure.[51] Mark Feeney of The Boston Globe cited the atmosphere "that's impressively sustained – until it becomes oppressive, then pointless, then laughable," with the concept better suited to a short film.[52] Some mixed reviews, like William Goss of MSN, praised the film's surreal atmosphere and synth score, despite finding it "not my cup of crazy",[53] while Marjorie Baumgarten of the Austin Chronicle cited the movie as inexplicable and incomprehensible, though praising the visuals.[54] Jeannette Catsoulis of The New York Times also gave a mixed review, highlighting the appeal to fans of midnight movies.[55]

Positive reviews highlighted the cult appeal, such as Matt Singer of Time Out, who welcomed the return of challenging, surreal midnight movies.[56] Alison Willmore of The A.V. Club rated it B+, praising its style and daring form.[57] Don R. Lewis of Film Threat also praised the film, saying, "As a cinema fan I was blown away at the control and attention to detail Cosmatos showed."[58]

During the second half of the 2010s, however, Beyond the Black Rainbow has undergone a critical reappraisal. While the film originally started out with a score of 49% on Rotten Tomatoes in 2012 and 2013, it progressively climbed to 61% on the Tomatometer, especially after the wider, more prominent release of Cosmatos's second film Mandy in 2018. Writing for Inverse in 2017, pop culture critic Isaac Feldberg praised Beyond the Black Rainbow as an examination of Cosmatos' own nostalgia for the sci-fi and horror movies of his youth; "Cosmatos imagines an alternate ‘80s in which their aesthetics can be so completely expressed they assume physical form, seeping through the Arboria Institute like a fog of cultural memory," he wrote.[59] The film has garnered spots on various best-of lists of professional reviewers – #27 on The Playlist's 2016 The 50 Best Sci-Fi Films Of The 21st Century So Far,[60] #20 on The Film Stage's 2016 The 50 Best Sci-Fi Films of the 21st Century Thus Far,[61] #19 on Fandor's 2016 Best Science Fiction of the Century (so far),[62] and #1 on Taste of Cinema's 2017 10 totally awesome Sci-Fi movies from the 2010s (so far).[63]

In a 2016 interview with The Hollywood Reporter about their smash hit Netflix series, Matt Duffer expressed surprise at allegations that Stranger Things was a direct homage to Beyond The Black Rainbow, which he claimed to have never seen before, while Ross Duffer admitted to having seen "a little" of it.[64]

References

edit
  1. ^ a b "Beyond the Black Rainbow". The Numbers. Archived from the original on July 22, 2017. Retrieved August 15, 2014.
  2. ^ "28 arthouse sci-fi films that will make you smarter (and cooler)|SYFY WIRE". Archived from the original on July 31, 2021. Retrieved July 31, 2021.
  3. ^ Kay, Jeremy (May 18, 2011). "Beyond The Black Rainbow attracts Magnet for US". Screen Daily. Archived from the original on August 6, 2016. Retrieved August 4, 2011.
  4. ^ a b c d e f g Macaulay, Scott (May 16, 2012). "Panos Cosmatos, Beyond the Black Rainbow". Filmmaker. Archived from the original on May 7, 2017. Retrieved December 23, 2012.
  5. ^ "Beyond the Black Rainbow". 2011 Tribeca Film Festival Film Guide. Archived from the original on February 8, 2012. Retrieved August 4, 2011.
  6. ^ "Beyond the Black Rainbow". 2011 Fantasia International Film Festival Film Guide. Archived from the original on March 4, 2016. Retrieved August 4, 2011.
  7. ^ "Art House Science Fiction Films You Might Have Missed - Flavorwire". May 11, 2014. Archived from the original on July 31, 2021. Retrieved July 31, 2021.
  8. ^ Brown, Phi (June 6, 2012). "Interview:Beyond The Black Rainbow Director Panos Cosmatos". Dork Shelf. Archived from the original on April 22, 2016. Retrieved November 5, 2012.
  9. ^ a b Wilkinson, Amber (May 11, 2011). "Retro Rainbow: Panos Cosmatos talks about the themes and influences of his sci-fi tale". Eye for Film. Archived from the original on May 22, 2013. Retrieved May 8, 2013.
  10. ^ a b Miller, Josua (June 18, 2012). "Interview: Panos Cosmatos (Beyond the Black Rainbow)". CHUD.com. Archived from the original on October 18, 2016. Retrieved December 12, 2012.
  11. ^ Oliver, Myrna (April 27, 2005). "George P. Cosmatos, 64; Director Was Known for Saving Troubled Projects". Los Angeles Times. Archived from the original on January 21, 2012. Retrieved May 15, 2013.
  12. ^ Variety Staff (July 21, 1997). "Birgitta Ljungberg Cosmatos". Variety. Archived from the original on April 7, 2016. Retrieved May 15, 2013.
  13. ^ Monk, Katherine (July 5, 2012). "For Vancouver filmmaker Panos Cosmatos, Beyond the Black Rainbow helped alleviate grief of losing parents". The Vancouver Sun. Archived from the original on December 29, 2014. Retrieved May 16, 2013.
  14. ^ "Mongrel Media Presents BEYOND THE BLACK RAINBOW" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on May 16, 2021. Retrieved May 12, 2021.
  15. ^ a b Mack, Adrian (July 4, 2012). "Beyond the Black Rainbow director Panos Cosmatos brings a head trip to the big screen". Georgia Straight. Archived from the original on March 4, 2016. Retrieved December 13, 2012.
  16. ^ a b c d Macinnis, Allan (June 25, 2012). "Beyond the Black Rainbow: interview with Norm Li, csc". Alienated in Vancouver. Archived from the original on October 27, 2014. Retrieved April 20, 2013.
  17. ^ a b Nelson, Noah (November 15, 2011). "Journey 'Beyond the Black Rainbow' with director Panos Cosmatos". Turnstyle. Archived from the original on April 28, 2012. Retrieved December 13, 2012.
  18. ^ "Review – "Beyond the Black Rainbow"". From the Front Row. June 3, 2012. Archived from the original on March 28, 2016. Retrieved December 13, 2012.
  19. ^ a b Ackerman, Emily (May 10, 2012). "A Trippy, Dystopian Futurescape". TribecaFilm.com. Archived from the original on April 23, 2011. Retrieved December 13, 2012.
  20. ^ Anderson, Jason. "Analogue Dreams: Panos Cosmatos' Beyond the Black Rainbow". cinema scope. Archived from the original on June 18, 2012. Retrieved April 15, 2012.
  21. ^ Hoff, Al (June 13, 2012). "Beyond the Black Rainbow". Pittsburgh City Paper. Archived from the original on December 17, 2018. Retrieved April 15, 2012.
  22. ^ Kay, Tony (June 22, 2012). "Traveling Beyond the Black Rainbow with Director Panos Cosmatos". The SunBreak. Archived from the original on July 3, 2012. Retrieved April 15, 2012.
  23. ^ Turek, Ryan (April 23, 2011). "Exclusive Tribeca 2011 Interview: Panos Cosmatos". Shock Till You Drop. Archived from the original on April 7, 2012. Retrieved December 22, 2012.
  24. ^ a b c Hoffman, Jordan (April 25, 2011). "Can You Handle the Trip Beyond the Black Rainbow?". UGO – Daily Geek News Videos. Archived from the original on September 30, 2013. Retrieved December 23, 2012.
  25. ^ a b c d Simpson, Don (June 21, 2012). "Panos Cosmatos (Beyond the Black Rainbow) / Interview". Smells Like Screen Spirit. Archived from the original on January 19, 2013. Retrieved December 22, 2012.
  26. ^ a b c Patches, Matt (May 5, 2011). "Interview: Panos Cosmatos Takes Us Back to the Past to the Future in 'Beyond the Black Rainbow'". Film School Rejects. Archived from the original on March 4, 2016. Retrieved May 14, 2013.
  27. ^ a b Truax, Jackson (June 22, 2012). "Writer/Director Panos Cosmatos on his new film "Beyond the Black Rainbow"". Living in Cinema. Archived from the original on May 3, 2017. Retrieved March 22, 2013.
  28. ^ Mack, Adrian (July 4, 2012). "Sinoia Caves scores Beyond the Black Rainbow". Georgia Straight. Archived from the original on March 4, 2016. Retrieved December 13, 2012.
  29. ^ a b Janisse, Kier-La (September 1, 2011). "Wasn't the Future Wonderful?". Spectacular Optical. Archived from the original on January 3, 2013. Retrieved December 12, 2012.
  30. ^ a b Macinnis, Allan (July 4, 2012). "Beyond the Black Mountain: Jeremy Schmidt interview re: Sinoia Caves and Beyond the Black Rainbow". Alienated in Vancouver. Archived from the original on December 11, 2012. Retrieved December 12, 2012.
  31. ^ Cunbow, Robert (1996). 2001: A Space Odyssey (CD booklet). Various Artists. Los Angeles, CA: Rhino Movie Music. p. 19.
  32. ^ Burlingame, Jon (1998). The Exorcist (CD booklet). Various Artists. Burbank, CA: Warner Bros. p. 6.
  33. ^ "AllMusic". AllMusic. Archived from the original on September 1, 2016. Retrieved October 3, 2019.
  34. ^ Newman, Nick (June 25, 2012). "'Beyond the Black Rainbow' Director Panos Cosmatos Talks His Sci-Fi Indie, 'Prometheus,' 'The Shining' & More". The Film Stage. Archived from the original on May 31, 2013. Retrieved May 2, 2013.
  35. ^ Coleman, Jason (June 21, 2012). "Eva Allan On Being Sad & Silent For 'Beyond The Black Rainbow'". Starpulse.com. Archived from the original on April 13, 2016. Retrieved May 5, 2013.
  36. ^ Lexicon, Herder. (2007). Dicionário de símbolos. São Paulo: Editora Cultrix.
  37. ^ Lurker, Manfred. (2003). Dicionário de simbologia. São Paulo: Martins Fontes.
  38. ^ Lybarger, Dan (June 17, 2012). "Reel Reviews/June 2012". kc/active. Archived from the original on December 4, 2017. Retrieved December 18, 2012.
  39. ^ Klymkiw, Greg (October 4, 2012). "BEYOND THE BLACK RAINBOW: Cool Canadian Cult Picture on Blu-Ray from Mongrel Media". Klymkiw Film Corner. Archived from the original on September 16, 2016. Retrieved December 17, 2012.
  40. ^ Kollars, Chuck. "Analysing a Movie ('Beyond the Black Rainbow')". Chuck Kollars' Personal Home Page. Archived from the original on September 22, 2017. Retrieved June 15, 2013.
  41. ^ Jones, Scott (March 12, 2013). "Far Voyages — Lovecraftian Themes in 'Beyond the Black Rainbow'". The Lovecraft eZine. Archived from the original on May 1, 2015. Retrieved June 6, 2013.
  42. ^ Marsh, James (September 25, 2011). "FANTASTIC FEST 2011: BEYOND THE BLACK RAINBOW Review". Film School Rejects. Archived from the original on May 26, 2016. Retrieved April 14, 2013.
  43. ^ Beggs, Scott (November 9, 2011). "Fantastic Review: 'Beyond The Black Rainbow' is the Best Example of Whatever The Hell It Is". twitch. Archived from the original on March 6, 2016. Retrieved April 14, 2013.
  44. ^ Reid, Joseph (May 12, 2011). "Panos Cosmatos "Beyond the Black Rainbow"". COOL -Creator's Infinite Links-. Archived from the original on November 12, 2013. Retrieved April 14, 2013.
  45. ^ Cinema, issue #60 (dedicated to "Intoxication in Cinema"), 2015, pp. 117-129. (Cinema is an annual Swiss academic cinema studies magazine, not to be confused with the purely entertainment-oriented German tabloid monthly of the same name.)
  46. ^ C. H. Newell (2018). Trip Into a Horror of ’80s Fears with Mandy, Father Son Holy Gore, September 14, 2018
  47. ^ Lesuer, Mike (2018). Mandy Is Metal: If you squint, Panos Cosmatos's latest psychedelic feature is actually a lonesome martyr's fantasy to save heavy metal from the Reagan administration's threatening anti-pornography policies Archived September 30, 2022, at the Wayback Machine, Flood Magazine, November 01, 2018
  48. ^ Simon Abrams, Steven Boone (2018). Nicolas Cage’s ‘Mandy’ and the Weight of Expectations Archived August 5, 2022, at the Wayback Machine, Hollywood Reporter, September 18, 2018
  49. ^ "BEYOND THE BLACK RAINBOW Movie Reviews". Rotten Tomatoes. Flixster. Archived from the original on September 21, 2021. Retrieved September 26, 2021.
  50. ^ Norman, Tony (June 15, 2012). "Movie review: Snoozer 'Beyond the Black Rainbow' is all ambience, no substance". Pittsburgh Post-Gazette. Archived from the original on June 16, 2012. Retrieved May 15, 2013.
  51. ^ Neumaier, Joe (May 17, 2012). "'Beyond the Black Rainbow' is a misfire of retro rockets with '80s-style sci-fi". NY Daily News. Archived from the original on March 23, 2017. Retrieved May 15, 2013.
  52. ^ Feeney, Mark (June 8, 2012). "Beyond the Black Rainbow". The Boston Globe. Archived from the original on June 28, 2012. Retrieved May 14, 2013.
  53. ^ Goss, William (October 5, 2011). "Fantastic Fest Reviews: 'Beyond the Black Rainbow' and 'Manborg'". MSN Movies. Archived from the original on November 13, 2012. Retrieved May 9, 2013.
  54. ^ Baumgarten, Marjorie (June 8, 2012). "Beyond the Black Rainbow". Austin Chronicle. Archived from the original on December 4, 2017. Retrieved May 15, 2013.
  55. ^ Catsoulis, Jeannette (May 18, 2012). "Gloomy Clinic Where the Staff Behaves as Oddly as the Inmates". New York Times. Archived from the original on March 5, 2016. Retrieved May 15, 2013.
  56. ^ Singer, Matt (May 15, 2012). "Beyond the Black Rainbow (R)". Time Out. Archived from the original on December 10, 2017. Retrieved May 9, 2013.
  57. ^ Willmore, Alison (May 17, 2012). "Beyond the Black Rainbow". A.V. Club. Archived from the original on May 20, 2012. Retrieved May 14, 2013.
  58. ^ Lewis, Don R. (September 29, 2012). "Beyond the Black Rainbow". Film Threat. Archived from the original on September 9, 2018. Retrieved May 14, 2013.
  59. ^ Feldberg, Isaac (July 17, 2021). "YOU NEED TO WATCH THE MOST OVERLOOKED SCI-FI CULT THRILLER ON HBO MAX ASAP". Inverse. Archived from the original on June 19, 2022. Retrieved April 25, 2022.
  60. ^ Kiang, Jessica; Lyttelton, Oliver (2016). The 50 Best Sci-Fi Films Of The 21st Century So Far Archived March 30, 2017, at the Wayback Machine, theplaylist.net, July 19, 2016
  61. ^ (2016). The 50 Best Sci-Fi Films of the 21st Century Thus Far Archived May 18, 2017, at the Wayback Machine, The Film Stage, July 19, 2016
  62. ^ Prewitt, Zach (2016). Best Science Fiction of the Century (so far) Archived May 5, 2016, at the Wayback Machine, fandor.com, April 21, 2016
  63. ^ Gray, Mike (2017). 10 Totally Awesome Sci-Fi Movies from the 2010s (So Far) Archived September 9, 2017, at the Wayback Machine, Taste of Cinema, March 13, 2017
  64. ^ Fienberg, Daniel (August 1, 2016). "The Duffer Brothers Talk 'Stranger Things' Influences, 'It' Dreams and Netflix Phase 2". hollywoodreporter.com. Archived from the original on November 13, 2022. Retrieved November 13, 2022.
edit
 
Wikiquote has quotations related to Beyond the Black Rainbow.
Retrieved from "https://en.wiki.x.io/w/index.php?title=Beyond_the_Black_Rainbow&oldid=1258675935"