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Baykar Bayraktar Akıncı

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Bayraktar Akıncı (Turkish pronunciation: [bajraktar akɯnd͡ʒɯ], Raider lit. "Akinji") is a high-altitude long-endurance (HALE) unmanned combat aerial vehicle (UCAV) being manufactured by the Turkish defence company Baykar. The first three units entered service with the Turkish Armed Forces on 29 August 2021.[2]

Bayraktar Akıncı
Role Unmanned combat aerial vehicle
National origin Turkey
Manufacturer Baykar
Designer Baykar
First flight 6 December 2019
Introduction 29 August 2021
Status In service
Primary users Turkish Armed Forces
Pakistan Air Force
Libyan Air Force
Ethiopian Air Force
Azerbaijan Air Force
Produced 2019–current
Number built 60+[1]

The aircraft has a 5.5+ ton maximum takeoff weight (MTOW), of which over 1,350 kg (2,980 lb) is payload. Akıncı is equipped with two turboprop engines of either 450 hp (460 PS; 340 kW) or 750 hp (760 PS; 560 kW), as well as electronic support and ECM systems, dual satellite communication systems, air-to-air radar, collision avoidance radar, and advanced synthetic-aperture radar.[3]

Development

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With the preliminary design phase completed in June 2019, Akıncı started engine ground run testing in August 2019 with a Ukrainian Ivchenko-Progress AI-450C turboprop engine.[4] First engine test was accomplished on September 1, 2019. Following the completion of other technical tests, the aircraft was moved to the Turkish Army's Çorlu Airfield Command. The UCAV made its maiden flight with automatic taxiing, take-off, 16-minute flight and successful landing on December 6, 2019.[5]

Akıncı has a payload capacity of 881 lb (400 kg) internal and 2,094 lb (950 kg) external, a maximum combat load of 2,976 lb (1,350 kg). Powered by two 450 hp (460 PS; 340 kW) or 750 hp (760 PS; 560 kW) turboprop engines, the drone has a 66 ft (20 m) wingspan. It will be the first UAV capable of launching a cruise missile.[5][6][7]

First pictures of the UAV hit media reports in June 2018 and it was unveiled to the public during the Teknofest Aviation, Space and Technology Festival in September 2019.[8][9]

On 22 April 2021, Bayraktar Akıncı UCAV has successfully conducted its first firing tests. During the test, 'Akıncı' was fitted with three different variants of the indigenously developed smart munitions, MAM-L, MAM-C and MAM-T. The test was also the first public appearance of the Roketsan's newest smart munition, MAM-T.[10] From July 6 to 7, the aircraft completed a test flight of 25 hours and 45 minutes, flying 7,507 km (4,053 nmi; 4,665 mi) and reaching an altitude of 38,039 ft (11,594 m).[11] On August 29, 2021, Akıncı was added to the inventory of Turkish armed forces.[2]

Operational history

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Akıncı was first used in Pençe-Kilit Operations which were held by the Turkish military to dissolve PKK positions such as shelters and caves in Northern Iraq.[12]

A total of 9 Akıncıs successfully flew over 1551 hours in the earthquake zone of the 2023 Turkey-Syria earthquake.

The drones have been instrumental in providing continuous updates and data to the crisis response team for damage detection, search and rescue support, along with coordination activities.[13]

A unspecified number of Akıncıs were involved in an attack on the Wagner Group-operated El-Hadim Airbase, having destroyed at least one air defense system.[14]

In May 2024 one of the drones assisted in finding the crash site of a Bell 212 that had crashed, which killed the Iranian president, Ebrahim Raisi and Foreign Minister, Hossein Amir-Abdollahian. The mission reportedly lasted 7 hours. Afterwards, the drone drew the crescent and star.[15][16][17]

Avionics and radar

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The Akıncı drone is equipped with an indigenously manufactured active electronically scanned array (AESA) radar called MURAD, a SAR/GMTI radar, a surveillance system, electronic warfare, and signal intelligence suite (SIGINT), and SATCOM allowing Akıncıs to become UCAV as well as ISTAR+C3 assets for the Turkish military.[18][19][20]

Timeline

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Bayraktar Akıncı at Teknofest 2019
 
Bayraktar Akıncı at Teknofest 2019
 
Bayraktar Akıncı at Teknofest 2019
 
Tailfin of the Bayraktar Akıncı at Teknofest 2021
  • On 6 December 2019, Bayraktar Akıncı made its maiden flight.[21]
  • On 10 January 2020, first prototype made its second flight and passed over 6000 ft.[22]
  • On 13 August 2020, second prototype made its maiden flights.[23]
  • On 19 August 2020, second prototype conducted medium altitude system integration flight tests.[24][25]
  • On 22 August 2020, first prototype exceeded 30.000 ft (9.144 m) during flight testing.[26][27]
  • On 5 September 2020, second prototype conducted high altitude and high speed flight tests.[28]
  • On 8–9 September 2020, Critical Design Review was conducted.[29][30]
  • On 11 September 2020, second prototype conducted medium altitude system integration flight tests.[31]
  • On 3 October 2020, second prototype 2 conducted asymmetric thrust tests.[32]
  • On 13 March 2021, Bayraktar Akıncı prototype 2 conducted its advanced system integration flight tests.[33]
  • On 27 March 2021, Bayraktar Akıncı prototype 3 conducted its maiden flight.[34]
  • On 10 April 2021, Bayraktar Akıncı prototype 3 conducted its medium altitude system integration flight tests.[35][36]
  • On 13 April 2021, Bayraktar Akıncı prototype 3 conducted its high altitude and high speed flight tests.[37]
  • On 22 April 2021, Bayraktar Akıncı conducted its first firing tests.[38][39]
  • On 19 May 2021, the first serial produced Bayraktar Akıncı conducted its maiden flight[40]
  • On 7 July 2021, Bayraktar Akıncı set the new national flight altitude record of Turkey by cruising at 38,039 feet (11,594 m) for 25 hours and 46 minutes at a distance of 7,507 km [41]
  • On 10 July 2021, Bayraktar Akıncı conducted a 13 hours and 24 minute long flight with 1360 kg payload. During the flight Akıncı was equipped with the NEB bunker buster bomb developed by TUBITAK SAGE. Marking the heaviest bomb ever carried by an UCAV[42]
  • On 29 August 2021, the first three units were delivered to the Turkish Armed Forces[43]
  • On 24 December 2021, two units were delivered to the Turkish Armed Forces[44]
  • On 23 January 2022, first export agreement of Bayraktar Akıncı was announced
  • On 13 February 2022, Bayraktar Akıncı conducted its first combat mission[45]
  • On 2 March 2022, second export agreement of Bayraktar Akıncı was announced
  • On 2 March 2022, the Baykar announced that the Bayraktar AKINCI-B version with twin 750 hp (560 kW) engines completed its maiden flight [46]
  • On 21 May 2022, the Bayraktar AKINCI crossed 3 countries (Turkey, Georgia, Azerbaijan), flying approximately 2000 km.[47]
  • On 14 June 2022, the Bayraktar AKINCI UCAV (Unmanned Combat Aerial Vehicle) has successfully completed its first firing test from 30 kilometers away with the KGK-SIHA-82 (Winged Guidance Kit) ammunition.[48]
  • On 21 June 2022, the Bayraktar AKINCI B Variant took off to carry out endurance, high altitude and high speed tests, The B Variant rose to an altitude of 45,118 feet (13,752 meters) within the scope of the test, returned to Bayraktar AKINCI Flight, Training and Test Center at Çorlu Airport Command after 20 hours and 23 minutes of flight.[49]
  • On 1 July 2022, the Bayraktar AKINCI carried out a test firing with the LGK-82 (Laser Guidance Kit), developed by ASELSAN, Flying with an altitude of 30 thousand feet, the target was laser-marked by Bayraktar TB2 SİHA, The LGK-82 was Launched from UAV for the first time.[50]
  • On 3 August 2022, three units were delivered to the Turkish Air Force[51]
  • On 24 August 2022, three additional units were delivered to the Turkish Armed Forces, bringing the number of drones operated by Turkey to 12[52]
  • On 22 February 2024, Akıncı equipped with ASELFLIR-500 shot a mobile Albatros USV. [53]
  • On 24 February 2024, Akıncı C variant successfully carried out its first flight test with two 850 HP engines. [52]

Operators

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The Bayraktar Akıncı has been sold to 4 countries as of October 2022.[54]

Current operators

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  Turkey

  Pakistan

  Libya

  Ethiopia[61]

  Azerbaijan[62][63]

  Burkina Faso[64][65]

Future operators

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  Kyrgyzstan[66]

  Saudi Arabia[67]

Specifications

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Data from Baykar Technology [1]

General characteristics

  • Capacity: 1300 kg (3307 lb)
  • Length: 12.2 m (40 ft 0 in)
  • Wingspan: 20 m (65 ft 7 in)
  • Height: 4.1 m (13 ft 5 in)
  • Max takeoff weight: 5,500 kg (12,125 lb)
  • Fuel capacity: unspecified Jet-A1 or JP-8 fuel capacity
  • Powerplant: 2 × Ivchenko-Progress Motor Sich AI-450T turboprop engines for A variant, 340 kW (450 hp) each
  • Powerplant: 2 × PT6A-135A turboprop engines for B variant, 560 kW (750 hp) each
  • Powerplant: 2 × Pratt & Whitney Canada PT6 turboprop engines for C variant, 630 kW (850 hp) each
  • Propellers: 5-bladed composite constant-speed propeller

Performance

  • Maximum speed: 361 km/h (224 mph, 195 kn)
  • Cruise speed: 280 km/h (170 mph, 150 kn)
  • Range: 7,500 km (4,700 mi, 4,000 nmi) Traveled 7507 Kilometers in latest test.
  • Endurance: 25 hours
  • Service ceiling: 13,716 m (45,000 ft)
  • Operational altitude: 9,100 m (30,000 ft)

Armament

Avionics

See also

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References

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