Aurora Flight Sciences (AFS) is an American aviation and aeronautics research subsidiary of Boeing that specializes in special-purpose unmanned aerial vehicles. Aurora's headquarters is at Manassas Regional Airport.
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.jpg) NASA / Aurora D8 airliner concept | |
| Company type | Subsidiary |
|---|---|
| Industry | Aerospace manufacturer |
| Founded | 1989 |
| Founder | John S. Langford III |
| Headquarters | , United States |
Number of locations | 4 |
Key people | Michael Caimona (president and CEO) |
| Products | Unmanned aerial vehicles |
Number of employees | 468[1] |
| Parent | Boeing |
| Website | www |
History
editIn 1989, AFS was founded in Alexandria, Virginia, as a follow-on to the MIT Daedalus project.
In 1991, its first aircraft was the Perseus proof of concept (POC) built for NASA which first flew at NASA Dryden. It was followed by two Perseus As and one Perseus B – built for the NASA ERAST Program. A twin engine Theseus was also built.
In 1995, Aurora joined the Global Hawk team to build composite fuselage components and tail assemblies of the RQ-4 for Northrop Grumman and the USAF.
In 2002, a demonstration aircraft was flown from an altitude of 100,000 feet to simulate the low density of the Martian atmosphere. Aurora was involved in NASA programs studying how to fly on Mars.
In 2008, the DARPA Vulture aimed for a UAV that could stay aloft in the stratosphere for at least five years carrying a 1,000 lb (450 kg) payload: Aurora proposed three drones taking off separately then joining up in flight, to form an efficient flat wing at night, and folding into a Z to optimize solar energy collection.[2]
In 2009, as Aurora developed small vertical take-off UAVs known as the Aurora Goldeneye, the third variant of this family, the GoldenEye-80, was first flown publicly at Association for Unmanned Vehicle Systems International's Unmanned Systems North America trade show.
On 5 October 2017, Boeing announced that it would acquire Aurora Flight Sciences.[3]
In April 2018, as DARPA allowed Aurora to transition government-funded technology for commercial applications, the tilt-wing XV-24A Lightning Strike and its distributed propulsion could be reused for an electric commercial air taxi along its lift-and-cruise prototype with vertical flight rotors and cruise fixed propellers, unveiled in 2017. Aurora plans multiple demonstrators controlled centrally by 2020 and a piloted air taxi by 2023 with autonomy later depending on regulation.[4]
In spring 2019, Aurora plans to fly a High-Altitude Long Endurance drone powered by solar cells and batteries, Odysseus.
Aurora won a DARPA CRANE (Control of Revolutionary Aircraft with Novel Effectors) grant to test a small-scale plane that uses compressed air bursts instead of external moving parts such as flaps. The program seeks to eliminate the weight, drag, and mechanical complexity involved in moving control surfaces. The air bursts modify the air pressure and flow, and change the boundaries between streams of air moving at different speeds. The company built a 25% scale prototype with 11 conventional control surfaces, as well as 14 banks fed by eight air channels.[5]
Facilities
editAurora has four facilities that each have their own focus. Corporate Headquarters and Engineering are in Manassas, Virginia. A manufacturing center was opened in Fairmont, West Virginia, in 1994, being moved to Bridgeport, West Virginia, in 2000. Another manufacturing facility was opened in Starkville, Mississippi, in 2005 before being moved to the nearby Golden Triangle Regional Airport in Columbus, Mississippi, in 2007. A research and development center was opened in Cambridge, Massachusetts in 2005 where Aurora now develops a line of micro air vehicles.
Aircraft
edit
- Perseus POC
- Perseus A
- Theseus
- Perseus B
- Chiron
- MarsFlyer[6]
- GoldenEye 100
- GoldenEye 50[7]
- GoldenEye 80[8]
- Excalibur[9]
- Centaur Optionally-Piloted Aircraft (OPA)
- Orion
- SunLight Eagle
- Odysseus
- Skate SUAS
- Tactical Autonomous Aerial Logistics System (TALOS)
Proposed
edit- Aurora D8 for NASA by the Massachusetts Institute of Technology - currently under development. A flight test will be conducted by 2021.[10]
- Virgin Galactic generation 2 mothership, for the next-generation Delta-class spaceplane, expected for 2025.[11]
- Liberty Lifter
Cancelled
edit- United States Air Force Advanced Composite Cargo Aircraft (ACCA) - lost out to Lockheed Martin X-55.[citation needed]
- The Aurora XV-24 LightningStrike was the selected proposal for the VTOL X-Plane program, cancelled in April 2018.
Other products
edit- Robotic Copilot[12]
See also
editReferences
edit
- ^ "Aurora Flight Sciences Corporation". Sbir. Retrieved 2 April 2017.
This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
- ^ Graham Warwick (14 November 2018). "This Is Aurora's Massive Solar-Powered Stratospheric Unmanned Aircraft". Aviation Week & Space Technology.
- ^ Alwyn Scott (5 October 2017). "Boeing to buy autonomous and electric flight firm Aurora". Reuters.
- ^ Stephen Trimble (25 April 2018). "DARPA approval clears Boeing's transition to new air taxi approach". Flightglobal.
- ^ Blain, Loz (20 January 2023). "Active flow control X-Plane uses virtual control surfaces made from air". New Atlas. Retrieved 23 January 2023.
- ^ "ARES Mars Scout Mission Proposal - Platform". Marsairplane.larc.nasa.gov. NASA. Archived from the original on 12 December 2013. Retrieved 26 December 2013. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
- ^ "[1][permanent dead link]GoldenEye 50 Gets Airworthiness Certificate", Aerospace Daily & Defense Report, June 19, 2007. Retrieved on August 25, 2009.
- ^ "Morris, Jefferson: GoldenEye 80 UAV Gearing Up For Second Flight Archived 22 November 2021 at the Wayback Machine", AviationWeek.com, December 7, 2006. Retrieved on August 25, 2009.
- ^ Hovering Hybrid, page 36. Aviation Week & Space Technology, July 20, 2009.
- ^ Graham Warwick (18 January 2017). "Aurora Refines Design Of Ultraefficient D8 Airliner". Aviation Week & Space Technology.
- ^ Natalie Clarkson (7 July 2022). "Virgin Galactic announces Boeing's Aurora will build new motherships". Virgin Galactic. Virgin Group.
- ^ https://www.aurora.aero/robotic_copilot/ Robotic Copilot
External links
edit