Archaeolamna (from Greek arche which turned into archaeo and Lamna, an extinct shark genus)[1] is an extinct genus of mackerel sharks that lived during the Cretaceous. It contains three valid species (one with two subspecies) which have been found in Europe, North America, and Australia.[7][8] While it is mostly known from isolated teeth, an associated set of teeth, jaws, cranial fragments, and vertebrae of A. kopingensis is known from the Pierre Shale of Kansas.[7] Teeth of A. k. judithensis were found with a plesiosaur skeleton with bite marks from the Judith River Formation of Montana.[1] It was a medium-sized shark with an estimated total body length of 3–4 metres (9.8–13.1 ft).[9]
| Archaeolamna Temporal range:
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|---|---|
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| Tooth of Archaeolamna sp. | |
Scientific classification 
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| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Chondrichthyes |
| Subclass: | Elasmobranchii |
| Order: | Lamniformes |
| Family: | †Archaeolamnidae Underwood & Cumbaa, 2010[2] |
| Genus: | †Archaeolamna Siverson, 1992[1] |
| Type species | |
| †Archaeolamna kopingensis | |
| Other species and subspecies | |
| Synonyms | |
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Species synonymy
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Archaeolamna likely had an antitropical distribution, being found in the temperate waters of both hemispheres but absent from the tropical waters around the equator, much like the modern porbeagle shark. A similar distribution has been found for the related Cardabiodon.[7]
Taxonomy
editWhen the family Archaeolamnidae was first named, it contained Archaeolamna, Cretodus, Dallasiella, and Telodontaspis.[2] However, Cretodus was reassigned to Pseudoscapanorhynchidae,[10] Dallasiella was reassigned to Lamniformes incertae sedis,[11] and Telodontaspis was synonymized with Cretoxyrhina.[12] This leaves Archaeolamna as the sole member of the family.
References
edit- ^ a b c Siverson, M. (1992). "Biology, dental morphology and taxonomy of lamniform sharks from the Campanian of the Kristianstad Basin, Sweden" (PDF). Palaeontology. 35 (3): 519–554. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2024-04-14.
- ^ a b Underwood, C.J.; Cumbaa, S.L. (2010). "Chondrichthyans from a Cenomanian (Late Cretaceous) bonebed, Saskatchewan, Canada". Palaeontology. 53 (4): 903–944. Bibcode:2010Palgy..53..903U. doi:10.1111/j.1475-4983.2010.00969.x. S2CID 129260151.
- ^ Rogovich, A.S. (1861). On Fossil Fishes of Provinces of the Kiev Academic District. First Issue. Placoid Fishes. Placoidei Ag. and Ganoid Fishes. Ganoidei Ag. Kiev.
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link) - ^ Siverson, M. (1996). "Lamniform sharks of the mid Cretaceous Alinga Formation and Beedagong Claystone, Western Australia". Palaeontology. 39 (4): 813–849.
- ^ Davis, J.W. (1890). "On the fossil fish of the Cretaceous formations of Scandinavia". Scientific Transactions of the Royal Dublin Society. 2. 4 (6): 363–434.
- ^ Woodward, A.S. (1894). "Notes on the sharks' teeth from British Cretaceous formations". Proceedings of the Geologists' Association. 13 (6): 190–200. Bibcode:1894PrGA...13..190W. doi:10.1016/S0016-7878(94)80009-4.
- ^ a b c Cook, T.D.; Newbrey, M.G.; Murray, A.M.; Wilson, M.V.H.; Shimada, K.; Takeuchi, G.T.; Stewart, J.D. (2011). "A partial skeleton of the Late Cretaceous lamniform shark, Archaeolamna kopingensis, from the Pierre Shale of western Kansas, U.S.A.". Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. 31 (1): 8–21. Bibcode:2011JVPal..31....8C. doi:10.1080/02724634.2011.539968. S2CID 140595473.
- ^ Sokolskyi, T.; Guinot, G. (2021). "Elasmobranch (Chondrichthyes) assemblages from the Albian (Lower Cretaceous) of Ukraine". Cretaceous Research. 117: 104603. Bibcode:2021CrRes.11704603S. doi:10.1016/j.cretres.2020.104603. S2CID 224853459.
- ^ Nagrodski, M.; Shimada, K.; Schumacher, B.A. (2012). "Marine vertebrates from the Hartland Shale (Upper Cretaceous: Upper Cenomanian) in southeastern Colorado, USA". Cretaceous Research. 37: 76–88. Bibcode:2012CrRes..37...76N. doi:10.1016/j.cretres.2012.03.007. S2CID 18006033.
- ^ Shimada, K.; Everhart, M.J. (2019). "A new large Late Cretaceous lamniform shark from North America, with comments on the taxonomy, paleoecology, and evolution of the genus Cretodus". Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. 39 (4): e1673399. Bibcode:2019JVPal..39E3399S. doi:10.1080/02724634.2019.1673399. S2CID 209439997.
- ^ Siversson, M.; Cederström, P.; Ryan, H.E. (2022). "A new dallasiellid shark from the lower Campanian (Upper Cretaceous) of Sweden". GFF. 144 (2): 118–125. Bibcode:2022GFF...144..118S. doi:10.1080/11035897.2022.2097737. S2CID 252685325.
- ^ Newbrey, M.G.; Siversson, M.; Cook, T.D.; Fotheringham, A.M.; Sanchez, R.L. (2015). "Vertebral morphology, dentition, age, growth, and ecology of the large lamniform shark Cardabiodon ricki". Acta Palaeontologica Polonica. 60 (4): 877–897. doi:10.4202/app.2012.0047.