Abdiqasim Salad Hassan (Somali: Cabdiqaasim Salaad Xasan;[1] Arabic: عبد القاسم سلطة حسن; born on 1 January 1942), also known as Abdiqasim Salad,[2] is a Somali politician who served as the fifth President of Somalia from 2000 to 2004. He helped found the Transitional National Government and previously served as Minister of Interior in the government of Siad Barre.
Abdiqasim Salad | |
|---|---|
عبد القاسم سلطة حسن | |
 Salad in 2005 | |
| 5th President of Somalia | |
| In office 27 August 2000 – 14 October 2004 | |
| Prime Minister | Ali Khalif Galaydh Osman Jama Ali Muhammad Abdi Yusuf |
| Preceded by | Ali Mahdi Muhammad |
| Succeeded by | Abdullahi Yusuf Ahmed |
| Personal details | |
| Born | 1 January 1942 Goldogob, Italian East Africa |
| Alma mater | Moscow State University (1965) |
Biography
editHassan was born in the town of Galdogob, situated in the north-central Mudug region of the former Italian Somaliland. His family hails from the Habar Gidir sub-clan of the Gorgaarte Hawiye.[3]
Hassan pursued his post-secondary education in the USSR, graduating in 1965 from the Biology Department of Lomonosov Moscow State University.[4]
Political career
editEarly career
editA key founder of Somalia's Sulh (reconciliation) group of which former Foreign Minister Abdirahman Jama Barre was also a part,[5] Hassan has held several important positions in the Somali government, most notably as Siad Barre's last Minister of Interior from 1990 to 1991.[6] As such, Hassan was responsible for all internal security agencies including the National Security Service (NSS), the Investigative Department of the Somali Revolutionary Socialist Party, the police, and the Deputy Prime Ministership.
Additionally, Hassan was the 2nd Deputy Prime Minister of Somalia in the late 1980s. Abdirahman Jama Barre served opposite him as the 1st Deputy Prime Minister.[7]
After the Barre's administration's ouster in 1991 and the start of the civil war in Somalia, Hassan left for Cairo.
President of Somalia
editIn 2000, the Transitional National Government (TNG) was established as Somalia's new interim central government. On August 26, Hassan presented himself as a candidate in that year's elections for a new TNG President. He received 145 of the total votes, with former Somalia ambassador to Washington Abdullahi Ahmed Addou earning 92 votes on the third ballot. Hassan was sworn into office the following day.[8]
Hassan's administration controlled parts of the Somali capital, Mogadishu, with the rest of the southern half of the country under the control of various faction leaders. Shortly before the mandate of the Transitional National Government expired in August 2003, Hassan withdrew from talks aimed at forming a new government. Prime Minister Hassan Abshir Farah accused him of trying to make the negotiations fail to extend his time in office. This resulted in Farah's dismissal by Hassan.
In 2004, Hassan ran for re-election in that year's presidential race. On October 10, 2004, in a session held by the Transitional Federal Parliament (TFP), Abdullahi Yusuf Ahmed was elected as President of the Transitional Federal Government (TFG), a successor interim body to the TNG that Ahmed had helped establish earlier in the year.[9] Ahmed received 189 votes from the TFG Parliament, while the closest contender, Abdullahi Ahmed Addou, got 79 votes in the third round of voting. Hassan peacefully withdrew his candidature.[10][11]
Personal life
editDuring the Ethiopian occupation of Somalia, Hassan lived in Mogadishu. His home was raided by Ethiopian and TFG troops during 2007 and 2008.[12]
Since the end of his term as President, Hassan has rallied for a safer Somalia. He takes part in numerous events in and around Somalia where he talks to his fellow countrymen about how they can change their nation for the better.
He now divides his time between Somalia and Egypt.
See also
editNotes
edit- ^ With various transliterations into English, e.g. Abdiqaasim Salaad Hassan, Abdi Qaasim, etc.
- ^ "Bildhaan: An International Journal of Somali Studies". 2007.
- ^ Horn of Africa Bulletin, Volume 12. Life & Peace Institute. 2000. p. 21. Retrieved 10 June 2014.
- ^ Zhirnov (Жирнов), Yevgeni (Евгений) (24 May 2004). ""Иракские курсанты пытались обезоружить советских солдат и плевали им в лицо" ("Iraqi cadets tried to disarm Soviet soldiers and spat in their faces")". Kommersant-Vlast (Журнал «Власть») (in Russian). Vol. 20, no. 573.
- ^ Africa Analysis, pp.355-356
- ^ Mukhtar, Mohamed Haji; Castagno, Margaret (2003). Historical dictionary of Somalia (New ed.). Lanham, Md: Scarecrow Press. ISBN 0-8108-4344-7.
- ^ National Foreign Assessment Center (U.S.).; Central Intelligence Agency, United States; Directorate of Intelligence (1990). Chiefs of State and Cabinet Members of Foreign Governments, Issues 1-6. The Center. p. 71. Retrieved 10 February 2015.
- ^ "August 2000 - Somalia". Rulers. Retrieved 6 October 2013.
- ^ "Somali PM optimistic about rebuilding country". News.xinhuanet.com. 2004-11-13. Archived from the original on November 21, 2004. Retrieved 2013-09-05.
- ^ "Somalia MPs elect new president". Retrieved 2013-09-05.
- ^ "October 2004 - Somalia". Rulers. Retrieved 6 October 2013.
- ^ Hassan, Ahmed Raghe (26 May 2008). "Col. Abdullahi Yusuf: Crossing the red line". Hiiraan Online.
References
edit- Africa analysis: the fortnightly bulletin on financial and political trends, Issues 350-362. Africa Analysis Ltd. 2000.