The 1929 Baden state election was held on 27 October 1929 to elect the 88 members of the Landtag of the Republic of Baden.[2]
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All 88 seats in the Landtag 45 seats needed for a majority | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| Registered | 1,537,962 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Turnout | 61.4%[1] | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Campaign
editThe Rechtsblock coalition formed by the German National People's Party (DNVP) and Agricultural League broke apart in 1928. Many of the Agricultural League members joined the Nazi Party.[3][4] The Nazis launched their election campaign in March 1929.[5]
The Nazis won six seats in the election and Walter Köhler was selected to serve as their delegation chairman.[6] This granted the party members that could not be arrested due to parliamentary immunity.[7] The Nazi's best Amtsbezirke performance was in Kehl with 32%.[8] 42.2% of the new votes for the Nazis came from Heidelberg, Karlsruhe, Mannheim, Pforzheim, and Weinheim.[9] The Bezirk Tauberbischofsheim, which was 81.8% Catholic,[8] gave 70.3% of its vote to the Centre.[10]
Results
edit| Party | Votes | % | Seats | +/– |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Centre Party | 341,754 | 36.7 | 34 | +6 |
| Social Democratic Party of Germany | 187,087 | 20.1 | 18 | +2 |
| German People's Party | 74,340 | 8.0 | 7 | 0 |
| Nazi Party | 65,121 | 7.0 | 6 | +6 |
| German Democratic Party | 62,344 | 6.7 | 6 | 0 |
| Communist Party of Germany | 55,143 | 5.9 | 5 | +1 |
| Reich Party of the German Middle Class | 35,605 | 3.8 | 3 | 0 |
| Evangelischer Volksdienst | 35,317 | 3.8 | 3 | New |
| German National People's Party | 34,079 | 3.7 | 3 | –5 |
| Badische Bauernpartei | 28,267 | 3.0 | 3 | New |
| Reich Party for Civil Rights and Deflation | 6,680 | 0.7 | 0 | New |
| Christlich-Soziale Reichspartei | 5,086 | 0.5 | 0 | New |
| Left Communists | 1,530 | 0.2 | 0 | New |
| Invalid/blank votes | 11,888 | – | – | – |
| Total | 944,241 | 100 | 88 | +16 |
| Registered voters/turnout | 1,537,962 | 61.4 | – | – |
| Source: Elections in Germany[2] | ||||
Aftermath
editThis was the last democratic election in Baden before the Nazi seizure of power.[11] The SDP and Centre coalition government dissolved on 30 November 1932, due to disagreements over a concordat between the Catholic Church and Baden. The Centre and DVP attempted to form a coalition with the Nazis without dissolving the landtag, but the Nazis rejected it and wanted new elections. A Centre and DVP minority government was formed on 10 January 1933.[12]
Robert Heinrich Wagner was appointed Reichkomissar of Baden on 9 March 1933, replacing the position of president. A new landtag consisting of 30 Nazis, 17 Centre, 8 SPD, and 2 DNVP convened once on 9 June 1933 to give the executive legislative powers. Wagner appointed Köhler as president on 6 May.[13]
References
edit- ^ Faris 1975, p. 147.
- ^ a b Schröder, Valentin. "Landtagswahlen Republik Baden". Wahlen in Deutschland. Archived from the original on 2005-02-22. Retrieved 14 May 2021.
- ^ Grill 1983, p. 26.
- ^ Grill 1983, p. 139-141.
- ^ Grill 1983, p. 171.
- ^ Grill 1983, p. 174.
- ^ Grill 1983, p. 178.
- ^ a b Faris 1975, p. 148.
- ^ Grill 1983, p. 175.
- ^ Faris 1975, p. 145.
- ^ Exner 2016, p. 297.
- ^ Grill 1983, p. 240-242.
- ^ Exner 2016, p. 299.
Works cited
edit- Exner, Konrad (2016). "Die politischen und wirtschaftlichen Ereignisse der Republik Baden in der Zeit der Weimarer Republik". Badische Heimat. 96 (2). Landesverein Badische Heimat: 291–300.
- Faris, Ellsworth (1975). "Takeoff Point for the National Socialist Party: The Landtag Election in Baden, 1929". Central European History. 8 (2). Cambridge University Press: 140–71. doi:10.2307/4545738. JSTOR 4545738.
- Grill, Johnpeter (1983). The Nazi Movement in Baden, 1920-1945. University of North Carolina Press. ISBN 0807814725.