The 12th Canadian Parliament was in session from 15 November 1911 until 6 October 1917. The membership was set by the 1911 federal election on 21 September 1911, and it changed only somewhat due to resignations and by-elections until it was dissolved prior to the 1917 election. At 5 years, 10 months and 22 days, it was the longest parliament in Canadian history. The parliament was extended beyond the normal limit of five years by the British North America Act, 1916 as a result of World War I.
| 12th Parliament of Canada | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Majority parliament | |||
| 15 November 1911 – 6 October 1917 | |||
 | |||
| Parliament leaders | |||
| Prime Minister | Robert Borden 10 Oct 1911 – 10 Jul 1920 | ||
| Cabinet | 9th Canadian Ministry | ||
| Leader of the Opposition | Wilfrid Laurier 10 Oct. 1911 – 17 Feb. 1919 | ||
| Party caucuses | |||
| Government | Conservative Party & Liberal-Conservative | ||
| Opposition | Liberal Party | ||
| Crossbench | Labour | ||
| House of Commons | |||
 Seating arrangements of the House of Commons | |||
| Speaker of the Commons | Thomas Simpson Sproule 15 November 1911 – 2 December 1915 | ||
| Albert Sévigny 12 January 1916 – 7 January 1917 | |||
| Edgar Nelson Rhodes 18 January 1917 – 5 March 1922 | |||
| Senate | |||
| Speaker of the Senate | Auguste Landry 23 October 1911 – 2 June 1916 | ||
| Joseph Bolduc 3 June 1916 – 6 February 1922 | |||
| Government Senate Leader | James Alexander Lougheed 10 October 1911 – 28 December 1921 | ||
| Opposition Senate Leader | Richard John Cartwright 6 October 1911 – 24 September 1912 | ||
| George William Ross 24 September 1912 – 7 March 1914 | |||
| Hewitt Bostock 19 March 1914 – 1 January 1919 | |||
| Sovereign | |||
| Monarch | George V 6 May 1910 – 20 January 1936 | ||
| Governor General | Prince Arthur 13 Oct. 1911 – 11 Nov. 1916 | ||
| The Duke of Devonshire 11 Nov. 1916 – 11 Aug. 1921 | |||
| Sessions | |||
| 1st session 15 November 1911 – 1 April 1912 | |||
| 2nd session 21 November 1912 – 6 June 1913 | |||
| 3rd session 15 January 1914 – 12 June 1914 | |||
| 4th session 18 August 1914 – 22 August 1914 | |||
| 5th session 4 February 1915 – 15 April 1915 | |||
| 6th session 12 January 1916 – 18 May 1916 | |||
| 7th session 18 January 1917 – 20 September 1917 | |||
| |||
It was controlled by a Conservative/Liberal-Conservative majority under Prime Minister Sir Robert Borden and the 9th Canadian Ministry. The Official Opposition was the Liberal Party, led by Wilfrid Laurier. The last year of the wartime parliament was dominated by the Conscription Crisis of 1917. At the end of the parliament, a new ministry, the Union Government, was formed by Borden as a wartime coalition government including Liberals. Laurier refused to join and those Liberals who supported Borden took the name Liberal-Unionists. The Union Government went on to win the 1917 federal election.
The Speaker was first Thomas Simpson Sproule, and later Albert Sévigny. See also List of Canadian electoral districts 1907-1914 for a list of the ridings in this parliament.
There were seven sessions of the 12th Parliament:
| Session | Start | End |
|---|---|---|
| 1st | 15 November 1911 | 1 April 1912 |
| 2nd | 21 November 1912 | 6 June 1913 |
| 3rd | 15 January 1914 | 12 June 1914 |
| 4th | 18 August 1914 | 22 August 1914 |
| 5th | 4 February 1915 | 15 April 1915 |
| 6th | 12 January 1916 | 18 May 1916 |
| 7th | 18 January 1917 | 20 September 1917 |
List of members
editFollowing is a full list of members of the twelfth Parliament listed first by province, then by electoral district. Party leaders are italicized. Parliamentary secretaries is indicated by "‡". Cabinet ministers are in boldface. The Prime Minister is both. The Speaker is indicated by "(†)".
Electoral districts denoted by an asterisk (*) indicates that district was represented by two members.
| Electoral district | Name | Party | First elected/previously elected | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Calgary | Richard Bedford Bennett | Conservative | 1911 | |
| Edmonton | Frank Oliver | Liberal | 1896 | |
| Macleod | David Warnock | Liberal | 1911 | |
| Medicine Hat | William Ashbury Buchanan | Liberal | 1911 | |
| Red Deer | Michael Clark | Liberal | 1908 | |
| Strathcona | James McCrie Douglas | Liberal | 1909 | |
| Victoria | William Henry White | Liberal | 1908 | |
| Electoral district | Name | Party | First elected/previously elected | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Comox—Atlin | Herbert Sylvester Clements | Conservative | 1904,[a] 1911 | |
| Kootenay | Arthur Samuel Goodeve (until 4 May 1912 railway appointment) | Conservative | 1908 | |
| Robert Francis Green (by-election of 30 May 1912) | Conservative | 1912 | ||
| Nanaimo | Francis Henry Shepherd | Conservative | 1911 | |
| New Westminster | James Davis Taylor | Conservative | 1908 | |
| Vancouver City | Henry Herbert Stevens | Conservative | 1911 | |
| Victoria City | George Henry Barnard | Conservative | 1908 | |
| Yale—Cariboo | Martin Burrell (until 10 October 1911 ministerial appointment) | Conservative | 1908 | |
| Martin Burrell (by-election of 4 November 1911) | Conservative | |||
| Electoral district | Name | Party | First elected/previously elected | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Brandon | James Albert Manning Aikins | Conservative | 1911 | |
| Dauphin | Robert Cruise | Liberal | 1911 | |
| Lisgar | William Henry Sharpe | Conservative | 1908 | |
| Macdonald | William D. Staples (until 10 April 1912 commissioner appointment) | Conservative | 1904 | |
| Alexander Morrison (by-election of 12 October 1912, until election voided 10 November 1913) | Conservative | 1912 | ||
| Alexander Morrison (by-election of 13 December 1913) | Conservative | |||
| Marquette | William James Roche (until 10 October 1911 Secretary of State appointment) | Conservative | 1896 | |
| William James Roche (by-election of 27 October 1911) | Conservative | |||
| Portage la Prairie | Arthur Meighen (until 26 June 1913 Solicitor General appointment) | Conservative | 1908 | |
| Arthur Meighen (by-election of 19 July 1913) | Conservative | |||
| Provencher | John Patrick Molloy | Liberal | 1908 | |
| Selkirk | George Henry Bradbury | Conservative | 1908 | |
| Souris | Frederick Laurence Schaffner | Conservative | 1904 | |
| Winnipeg | Alexander Haggart (resigned 11 October 1911) | Conservative | 1908 | |
| Robert Rogers (by-election of 27 October 1911) | Conservative | 1911 | ||
| Electoral district | Name | Party | First elected/previously elected | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Carleton | Frank Broadstreet Carvell | Liberal | 1904 | |
| Charlotte | Thomas Aaron Hartt | Conservative | 1911 | |
| City and County of St. John | John Waterhouse Daniel (resigned 17 October 1911) | Conservative | 1904 | |
| John Douglas Hazen (by-election of 27 October 1911) | Conservative | 1891, 1911 | ||
| City of St. John | William Pugsley | Liberal | 1904 | |
| Gloucester | Onésiphore Turgeon | Liberal | 1900 | |
| Kent | Ferdinand-Joseph Robidoux | Conservative | 1911 | |
| King's and Albert | George William Fowler | Conservative | 1900, 1911 | |
| Northumberland | William Stewart Loggie | Liberal | 1904 | |
| Restigouche | James Reid | Liberal | 1900 | |
| Sunbury—Queen's | Hugh Havelock McLean | Liberal | 1908 | |
| Victoria | Pius Michaud | Liberal | 1907 | |
| Westmorland | Henry Emmerson (died 9 July 1914) | Liberal | 1900 | |
| Arthur Bliss Copp (by-election of 1 February 1915) | Liberal | 1915 | ||
| York | Oswald Smith Crocket (until 11 December 1913 judicial appointment) | Conservative | 1904 | |
| Harry Fulton McLeod (by-election of 31 December 1913) | Conservative | 1913 | ||
| Electoral district | Name | Party | First elected/previously elected | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| King's | James Joseph Hughes | Liberal | 1900, 1911 | |
| Prince | James William Richards | Liberal | 1908 | |
| Queen's* | Angus Alexander McLean | Conservative | 1904, 1911 | |
| Donald Nicholson | Conservative | 1911 | ||
| Electoral district | Name | Party | First elected/previously elected | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Assiniboia | John Gillanders Turriff | Liberal | 1904 | |
| Battleford | Albert Champagne | Liberal | 1908 | |
| Humboldt | David Bradley Neely | Liberal | 1908 | |
| Mackenzie | Edward L. Cash | Liberal | 1904 | |
| Moose Jaw | William Erskine Knowles | Liberal | 1908 | |
| Prince Albert | James McKay (until 16 December 1914 judicial appointment) | Conservative | 1911 | |
| Samuel James Donaldson (by-election of 1 February 1915) | Conservative | 1915 | ||
| Qu'Appelle | Levi Thomson | Liberal | 1911 | |
| Regina | William Melville Martin | Liberal | 1908 | |
| Saltcoats | Thomas MacNutt | Liberal | 1908 | |
| Saskatoon | George Ewan McCraney | Liberal | 1908 | |
| Electoral district | Name | Party | First elected/previously elected | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Yukon | Alfred Thompson | Conservative | 1904, 1911 | |
By-elections
edit
References
edit- Government of Canada. "9th Ministry". Guide to Canadian Ministries since Confederation. Privy Council Office. Retrieved 8 February 2021.
- Government of Canada. "12th Parliament". Members of the House of Commons: 1867 to Date: By Parliament. Library of Parliament. Archived from the original on 20 December 2006. Retrieved 30 November 2006.
- Government of Canada. "Duration of Sessions". Library of Parliament. Archived from the original on 14 November 2007. Retrieved 12 May 2006.
- Government of Canada. "General Elections". Library of Parliament. Archived from the original on 4 May 2006. Retrieved 12 May 2006.
- Government of Canada. "Key Dates for each Parliament". Library of Parliament. Archived from the original on 14 September 2005. Retrieved 12 May 2006.
- Government of Canada. "Leaders of the Opposition in the House of Commons". Library of Parliament. Archived from the original on 11 March 2007. Retrieved 12 May 2006.
- Government of Canada. "Prime Ministers of Canada". Library of Parliament. Archived from the original on 27 April 2006. Retrieved 12 May 2006.
- Government of Canada. "Speakers". Library of Parliament. Archived from the original on 17 September 2006. Retrieved 12 May 2006.