The 119th United States Congress will be the next two-year term of the legislative branch of the United States federal government, composed of the United States Senate and the United States House of Representatives. It is scheduled to meet in Washington, D.C., from January 3, 2025, to January 3, 2027, beginning its term during the final 17 days of Joe Biden's presidency and the first two years of Donald Trump's second presidency.
| 119th United States Congress | |
|---|---|
118th ← → 120th | |
.jpg) United States Capitol (2023) | |
January 3, 2025 – January 3, 2027 | |
| Members | 100 senators 435 representatives 6 non-voting delegates |
| Senate majority | Republican |
| Senate President | Kamala Harris[a] (D) (until January 20, 2025) JD Vance (R) (from January 20, 2025) |
| House majority | Republican |
| House Speaker | TBD |
| Sessions | |
| 1st: January 3, 2025 – TBD | |
The Republican Party is projected to retain its majority in the House, become the majority in the Senate, and upon the inauguration of Donald Trump on January 20, 2025, are in line to attain an overall federal government trifecta for the first time since the 115th Congress in 2017, during which Trump was inaugurated for his first term. The 119th Congress will have three states — Maine, Pennsylvania, and Wisconsin – with senators from different parties, the lowest number of split delegations since direct popular election of senators began in 1914.[1]
Major events
edit- January 3, 2025: 12 p.m. EST, Congress scheduled to convene and the House will vote for a speaker.
- January 6, 2025: Joint session to count electoral votes and certify the 2024 United States presidential election.
- January 20, 2025: Second inauguration of Donald Trump.
Leadership
editNote: Democrats refer to themselves as a "caucus"; Republicans refer to themselves as a "conference".
Senate
editSenate Presidents
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Kamala Harris (D),
until January 20, 2025
until January 20, 2025
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JD Vance (R),
from January 20, 2025
from January 20, 2025
Presiding
edit- President:
- Kamala Harris (D) – until January 20, 2025
- JD Vance (R) – from January 20, 2025
- President pro tempore: TBD
Majority (Republican) leadership
edit- Majority Leader: John Thune (SD)[2]
- Majority Whip: John Barrasso (WY)
- Conference Chair: Tom Cotton (AR)
- Policy Chair: Shelley Moore Capito (WV)
- Conference Vice Chair: James Lankford (OK)
- Campaign Chair: Tim Scott (SC)
- Steering Chair: Mike Lee (UT)[3]
- Chief Deputy Whip: Mike Crapo (ID)[4]
Minority (Democratic) leadership
edit- Minority Leader and Caucus Chair: Chuck Schumer (NY)[5][6]
- Minority Whip: Dick Durbin (IL)
- Steering and Policy Chair: Amy Klobuchar (MN)
- Strategic Communications Chair: Cory Booker (NJ)
- Caucus Vice Chairs: Elizabeth Warren (MA) and Mark Warner (VA)
- Outreach Chair: Bernie Sanders (VT)
- Caucus Secretary: Tammy Baldwin (WI)
- Campaign Chair: TBD
- Outreach Vice Chair: Catherine Cortez Masto (NV)
- Caucus Deputy Secretaries: Brian Schatz (HI) and Chris Murphy (CT)
- Chief Deputy Whip: Brian Schatz (HI)[7]
- Deputy Whips: Jeff Merkley (OR), Tina Smith (MN), Jeanne Shaheen (NH), Jacky Rosen (NV), Ben Ray Luján (NM), and Lisa Blunt Rochester (DE)[7]
House of Representatives
edit
Presiding
editMajority (Republican) leadership
edit- Majority Leader: Steve Scalise (LA 1)[8]
- Majority Whip: Tom Emmer (MN 6)
- Conference Chair: Lisa McClain (MI 9)
- Campaign Chair: Richard Hudson (NC 9)
- Policy Chair: Kevin Hern (OK 1)
- Conference Vice Chair: Blake Moore (UT 1)
- Conference Secretary: Erin Houchin (IN 9)
- Chief Deputy Whip: Guy Reschenthaler (PA 14)
- Sophomore Elected Leadership Committee Representative: Russell Fry (SC 7)
- Freshman Elected Leadership Committee Representative: Riley Moore (WV 2)
Minority (Democratic) leadership
edit- Minority Leader: Hakeem Jeffries (NY 8)[9]
- Minority Whip: Katherine Clark (MA 5)
- Caucus Chair: Pete Aguilar (CA 33)
- Assistant Democratic Leader: Joe Neguse (CO 2)
- Caucus Vice Chair: Ted Lieu (CA 36)
- Campaign Chair: Suzan DelBene (WA 1)
- Policy and Communications Chair: Debbie Dingell (MI 6)
- Policy and Communications Co-Chairs: Maxwell Frost (FL 10), Lori Trahan (MA 3), and Lauren Underwood (IL 14)
- Junior Caucus Leadership Representative: Robert Garcia (CA 42)
- Battleground Leadership Representative: Susie Lee (NV 3)
- Freshman Class Leadership Representative: Luz Rivas (CA 29)
- Steering and Policy Co-Chairs: Nanette Barragán (CA 44), Robin Kelly (IL 2), and Debbie Wasserman Schultz (FL 25)
Members
editSenate
editThe numbers refer to their Senate classes. All class 1 seats were contested in the November 2024 elections. In this Congress, class 1 means their term commenced in the current Congress, requiring re-election in 2030; class 2 means their term ends with this Congress, requiring re-election in 2026; and class 3 means their term began in the last Congress, requiring re-election in 2028.
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House of Representatives
editAll 435 seats were filled by election in November 2024.
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Changes in membership
editSenate
edit| State (class) |
Vacated by | Reason for change | Successor | Date of successor's formal installation[g] |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ohio (3) |
JD Vance (R) |
Incumbent will resign before January 20, 2025, to become Vice President of the United States.[10] Successor will be appointed to continue the term.[11] |
||
| Florida (3) |
Marco Rubio (R) |
Incumbent will resign on a date TBD, to become United States Secretary of State, if confirmed by the Senate.[12] Successor will be appointed to continue the term.[13] |
House of Representatives
edit| District | Vacated by | Reason for change | Successor | Date of successor's formal installation[g] |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Florida 1 | Vacant | Matt Gaetz (R) declined to take office after being re-elected.[14] A special election will be held on April 1, 2025. |
||
| Florida 6 | Michael Waltz (R) |
Incumbent will resign on January 20, 2025, to become National Security Advisor.[15][16] A special election will be held on April 1, 2025. |
||
| New York 21 | Elise Stefanik (R) |
Incumbent will resign on a date TBD, to become U.S. ambassador to the United Nations, if confirmed by the Senate.[17] A special election will be held on a date TBD. |
Committees
editSenate
editHouse of Representatives
editJoint
edit| Committee | Chair | Vice Chair | Ranking Member | Vice Ranking Member |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Economic | TBD | Sen. Eric Schmitt (R-MO) | Sen. Maggie Hassan (D-NH) | TBD |
| Inaugural Ceremonies (Special) Until January 20, 2025 |
Sen. Amy Klobuchar (D-MN) | Rep. Mike Johnson (R-LA) | Rep. Hakeem Jeffries (D-NY) | Sen. Deb Fischer (R-NE) |
| Library | TBD | Sen. Mitch McConnell (R-KY) | Sen. Alex Padilla (D-CA) | TBD |
| Printing | Sen. Mitch McConnell (R-KY) | TBD | TBD | Sen. Alex Padilla (D-CA) |
| Taxation[h] | Rep. Jason Smith (R-MO) | Sen. Mike Crapo (R-ID) | Sen. Ron Wyden (D-OR) | Rep. Richard Neal (D-MA) |
Officers and officials
editCongress
edit- Architect of the Capitol: Thomas Austin
- Attending Physician: Brian P. Monahan
Senate
edit- Chaplain: Barry Black
- Curator: Melinda Smith
- Historian: Betty Koed
- Librarian: Leona I. Faust
- Parliamentarian: TBD
- Secretary: TBD
- Sergeant at Arms and Doorkeeper: TBD
House of Representatives
edit- Chaplain: Margaret G. Kibben
- Chief Administrative Officer: TBD
- Clerk: TBD
- Historian: Matthew Wasniewski
- Parliamentarian: Jason Smith
- Reading Clerks: Tylease Alli (D) and Susan Cole (R)
- Sergeant at Arms: TBD
Elections
edit- 2024 United States elections (elections leading to this Congress)
- 2026 United States elections (elections during this Congress, leading to the next Congress)
See also
editNotes
edit- ^ Vice President Kamala Harris's term as President of the Senate will end at noon January 20, 2025, when JD Vance's term is scheduled to begin.
- ^ Marco Rubio was nominated by Donald Trump to become United States Secretary of State in his second term. Once he is set to be confirmed, he will vacate his Senate seat and governor Ron DeSantis will appoint an interim successor.
- ^ a b c d e f The Minnesota Democratic–Farmer–Labor Party (DFL) is the Minnesota affiliate of the U.S. Democratic Party and its members are counted as Democrats.
- ^ JD Vance was elected vice president of the United States in the 2024 presidential election. He is set to vacate his Senate seat on or before January 20, 2025, and governor Mike DeWine will appoint an interim successor.
- ^ Elise Stefanik was nominated by Donald Trump to become United States Ambassador to the United Nations in his second term. Once she is set to be confirmed, she will resign her seat, and a special election will be held TBD.
- ^ Puerto Rico's non-voting member, the Resident Commissioner, is elected every four years. This is the only member of the House to serve four-year terms.
- ^ a b When seated or oath administered, not necessarily when service began.
- ^ The Joint Taxation Committee leadership rotate the chair and vice chair and the ranking members between the House and Senate at the start of each session in the middle of the congressional term. The first session leadership is shown here.
References
edit- ^ DeSilver, Drew (November 26, 2024). "2024 elections show more partisan splits between states' presidential and Senate votes than in recent past". Pew Research Center. Retrieved November 27, 2024.
- ^ "Thune elected to replace McConnell as next Senate GOP leader". Roll Call. Archived from the original on November 19, 2024. Retrieved November 13, 2024.
- ^ "Sen. Lee responds to possibility of Trump administration post". November 7, 2024.
- ^ "Trump's low-key Senate partner in tax battles". Politico. November 7, 2024.
- ^ King, Ryan (December 3, 2024). "Chuck Schumer unanimously reelected Senate Dem leader". Retrieved December 3, 2024.
- ^ "Schumer reelected as Senate Democratic leader". POLITICO. December 3, 2024. Retrieved December 3, 2024.
- ^ a b "Durbin Announces Senate Democratic Whip Operations For 119th Congress". Dick Durbin United States Senator Illinois Newsroom. December 4, 2024. Retrieved December 9, 2024.
- ^ "House GOP nominates Johnson for speaker, taps McClain for conference chair". Roll Call. Archived from the original on November 20, 2024. Retrieved November 13, 2024.
- ^ "House Democrats hold low-fuss leadership elections". Roll Call. Archived from the original on November 21, 2024. Retrieved November 19, 2024.
- ^ "JD Vance elected Vice President". CNN. November 6, 2024. Archived from the original on November 6, 2024. Retrieved November 6, 2024.
- ^ "Replacing Vance in Senate will be DeWine's decision". The Review. Archived from the original on November 27, 2024. Retrieved November 18, 2024.
- ^ Whisnant, Gabe (November 11, 2024). "Marco Rubio to Be Picked as Donald Trump's Secretary of State". Newsweek. Archived from the original on November 12, 2024. Retrieved November 11, 2024.
- ^ "DeSantis aims to appoint Marco Rubio's Senate replacement by early January". APnews. November 18, 2024. Archived from the original on November 19, 2024. Retrieved November 18, 2024.
- ^ McIntire, Mary Ellen (November 22, 2024). "Matt Gaetz says he won't return to Congress next year". Roll Call. Archived from the original on November 23, 2024. Retrieved November 23, 2024.
- ^ Faguy, Ana (November 11, 2024). "Trump taps Michael Waltz as next US national security adviser". BBC News. BBC. Retrieved November 11, 2024.
- ^ Brooks, Emily (November 25, 2024). "Mike Waltz to resign from House day of inauguration to join Trump administration". The Hill. Archived from the original on November 26, 2024. Retrieved November 26, 2024.
- ^ Nelson, Steven (November 11, 2024). "Trump confirms NYer Elise Stefanik will be his enforcer at the UN: 'Strong, tough, and smart'". New York Post. Archived from the original on November 11, 2024. Retrieved November 11, 2024.