⟨Ƶ⟩ (minuscule: ⟨ƶ⟩), called "Z with Stroke", is a letter of the Latin alphabet derived from Z, with the addition of a stroke through the center.
| Z with stroke | |
|---|---|
| Ƶ ƶ | |
| Ż, J, Z | |
 | |
| Usage | |
| Writing system | Latin |
| Sound values | |
| In Unicode | U+01B5, U+01B6 |
| History | |
| Development | |
| Transliterations | Ь |
| Variations | Ż, J, Z |
| Other | |
| Writing direction | left-to-right |
Use in alphabets
edit⟨Ƶ⟩ is used in the Latin version of the Karachay-Balkar latin alphabet to represent palatalization, with ⟨ь⟩ as the Cyrillic equivalent.
⟨Ƶ⟩ was used in the Jaꞑalif alphabet (part of Uniform Turkic Alphabet) for the Tatar language in the first half of the 20th-century to represent a voiced postalveolar fricative (IPA: [ʒ]), now written ⟨j⟩.
⟨Ƶ⟩ was used in the 1992 Latin Chechen spelling as voiced postalveolar fricative (IPA: [ʒ]). It was also used in a 1931 variant of the Karelian alphabet for the Tver dialect.
The 1931–1941 Mongolian Latin alphabet used ⟨Ƶ⟩ to represent Voiced postalveolar affricate (IPA: [d͡ʒ]).
It is used in Unifon, being the last letter representing the voiced alveolar fricative (IPA: /z/).
It was also used in the Latin script for the Abkhaz language representing the voiced retroflex fricative (IPA: [ʐ]). It represents the same sound in the Polish alphabet, remaining in active usage by some as an alternative for the letter Ż (called "Z with overdot"). However, only the latter glyph is considered standard and is taught in Polish schools to children.
It is sometimes used as the form for the standard Z to distinguish it from the numeral ⟨two 2⟩.
Use in heraldry
editThe ⟨Ƶ⟩ character is similar to the vertical form of the Wolfsangel (German for "wolf trap") heraldic charge from medieval Germany and eastern France.
The Wolfsangel symbol was an early 15th-century symbol of Germanic liberty and freedom that also appears as a mason's mark and was also used as a German medieval forestry boundary marker.[1] The Wolfsangel symbol uses the mostly, but not exclusively, reversed ⟨Ƶ⟩ character in both horizontal and vertical forms, and in heraldry, the vertical form is associated with a Donnerkeil (or "thunderbolt").[2]
- Vertical form of the Wolfsangel hearaldic charge
-
Municipal arms of Oestrich-Winkel -
Municipal arms of Marpingen -
Municipal arms of Eppelborn
Appropriation by Nazis
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In World War 2, the Wolfsangel symbol was appropriated into Nazi symbolism by both military and non-military groups and now remains listed as a hate symbol by the Anti-Defamation League database.[1][3] In 2020, a trend started of Generation Z users of TikTok tattooing a "Generation Ƶ" symbol on their arm as "a symbol of unity in our generation but also as a sign of rebellion" (in the manner of the 15th-century Germanic peasant's revolts), however, the originator of the trend renounced it when the appropriation of the symbol by the Nazis was brought to her attention.[4]
Use in Ukraine
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Far-right movements in Ukraine like the former Social-National Assembly and the Azov Battalion have used a 90-degree rotated ⟨Ƶ⟩ symbol with an elongated center stroke for the political slogan "National Idea" (Ukrainian: Ідея Нації), where the symbol is a combination of the letters ⟨N⟩ and ⟨I⟩. They deny any connection with Nazism, or with the Wolfsangel symbol.[5][6]
Allographic variant of Z and Ż
editMany people often use ⟨Ƶ⟩ as a handwritten variant of ⟨Z⟩, especially with mathematicians, scientists, and engineers to avoid confusion with the numeral two ⟨2⟩.[7] [8]
In Polish, the character ⟨Ƶ⟩ is used as an allographic variant of the letter ⟨Ż⟩ (called "Z with overdot") although once used in Old Polish.
In Greek, the character ⟨Ƶ⟩ is a handwritten form of the letter Xi ⟨ξ⟩, where the horizontal stroke distinguishes it from Zeta ⟨ζ⟩.
Use as a currency symbol
edit⟨Ƶ⟩ was sometimes used instead of ⟨Z⟩ to represent the zaire, a former currency of the Democratic Republic of Congo.
In video games, ⟨Ƶ⟩ has been used as a fictional currency symbol, particularly in Japanese games where it can stand for zeni (Japanese for "money"). The Dragon Ball franchise, as well as Capcom games, use ⟨Ƶ⟩ in this way. It can also be found in the games EVE Online and Ace Combat 5: The Unsung War, where it stands for, respectively, the "Interstellar Kredit" (ISK) and the "Osean Zollar".
Use in modern runic writing
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A 45-degree rotated ⟨Ƶ⟩ forms the basis of the Gibor rune, which is a pseudo-rune (i.e. not an actual ancient rune) invented in 1902 by the 19th-century Austrian mysticist and Germanic revivalist Guido von List, and features prominently in modern runic writing.
Use in computers
editThe Unicode standard specifies two codepoints:
- U+01B5 Ƶ LATIN CAPITAL LETTER Z WITH STROKE
- U+01B6 ƶ LATIN SMALL LETTER Z WITH STROKE
See also
editReferences
edit- ^ a b Ahmed, Akbar (February 2018). Journey into Europe: Islam, Immigration, and Identity. Brookings Institution. p. 77. ISBN 9780815727583.
- ^ Yenne, Bill (October 2010). Hitler's Master of the Dark Arts: Himmler's Black Knights and the Occult Origins of the SS. Zenith Press. p. 69. ISBN 978-0760337783.
- ^ "Wolfsangel: General Hate Symbols, Neo-Nazi Symbols". Anti-Defamation League. Retrieved 17 March 2022.
- ^ Greenspan, Rachel (22 September 2020). "TikTok users recommended a Nazi symbol as a Gen Z tattoo idea to represent 'rebellion'". Insider. Retrieved 17 March 2022.
- ^ "Profile: Who are Ukraine's far-right Azov regiment?". Al Jazeera. 1 March 2022. Retrieved 2 May 2022.
- ^ Schipani, Andres (29 March 2022). "'Don't confuse patriotism and Nazism': Ukraine's Azov forces face scrutiny". Financial Times. Archived from the original on 2022-12-11. Retrieved 2 May 2022.
- ^ "Handwriting alphabet at DuckDuckGo".
- ^ "English Cursive Letters JPG file".
External links
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