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The Madrid metropolitan area is a monocentric metropolitan area in the centre of the Iberian peninsula, around the municipality of Madrid, Spain. It is not related to any sort of administrative delimitation, and thus, its limits are ambiguous.
According to data from the OECD it has an estimated 2021 population of 6,980,646 people[1] and covers an area of 5,335.97 square kilometres (2,060.23 sq mi). It is considered the largest metropolitan area in Spain, the 2nd largest in the European Union and the 54th largest in the world.[2][3][4][5]
Two distinct zones of urbanisation can be distinguished extending further than the municipality of Madrid:
- Inner ring (primera corona): Alcorcón, Leganés, Getafe, Móstoles, Fuenlabrada, Coslada, Alcobendas, Pozuelo de Alarcón, San Fernando de Henares
- Outer ring (segunda corona): Villaviciosa de Odón, Parla, Pinto, Valdemoro, Rivas-Vaciamadrid, Torrejón de Ardoz, Alcalá de Henares, San Sebastián de los Reyes, Tres Cantos, Las Rozas de Madrid, Majadahonda, Boadilla del Monte, Collado Villalba.
According to the issue 39 of the Economic Barometer of the City of Madrid, which divides a Madrid "metropolitan region" in 5 areas, the 3rd area exceeds the administrative limits of the Community of Madrid.[6] The largest suburbs are to the south, and in general along the main motorways leading out of Madrid.
The GDP of the metropolitan area of Madrid was estimated to be €210 billion in 2020 and represents over 95% of the GDP of the region of Madrid.[7] The GDP per capita was 37,758 euros in the metropolitan area while it reached 30,453 euros for the Madrid region, the Community of Madrid.
In regard to the Madrid functional urban area (FUA), that is, the wider commuting zone, the territory has experienced by the turn of the 21st century an increase of extensive suburbanisation with a larger share of inhabitants living more than 25km away from the functional urban centre as well as the deepening of the traditional NW-SE socio-spatial segregation pattern.[8] Another challenge is the lack of environmental sustainability of the current mobility model.[8]
References
edit- (in Spanish) AUDES5 project.
- ^ OECD-OCDE – Spain
- ^ "World Urban Areas: Population & Density" (PDF). Demographia. Retrieved 2008-08-10.
- ^ Eurostat, Urban Audit database Archived 2011-04-06 at the Wayback Machine, accessed on 2009-03-12. Data for 2004.
- ^ Thomas Brinkoff, Principal Agglomerations of the World, accessed on 2009-03-12. Data for 2009-01-01.
- ^ United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs, World Urbanisation Prospects (2007 revision), (United Nations, 2008), Table A.12. Data for 2007.
- ^ https://www.larazon.es/local/madrid/madrid-una-metropoli-de-7-3-millones-de-habitantes-YE6152320/ [bare URL]
- ^ "Indicador del PIB por zonas estadísticas y por municipios", www.madrid.org (in Spanish)
- ^ a b Gómez Giménez, José Manuel; Hernández Aja, Agustín (2018). "Retos de las áreas urbanas funcionales españolas: el caso madrileño, 1991-2011" [Challenges for Spanish functional urban areas: the case study of Madrid, 1991-2011]. In Monclús, Javier; Díez Medina, Carmen (eds.). Ciudad y formas urbanas. Perspectivas transversales. Volumen 6. Formas urbanas y territorio (PDF). Prensas de la Universidad de Zaragoza; Institución Fernando el Católico. p. 111. ISBN 978-84-17358-85-3.